Transmission of Lyme Disease - 569 Words

Lyme disease begins with a bite from an infected tick. It is the most common tick-borne disease within the United States (Wadsworth Center, n.d.). The causative agent of Lyme disease is Borrelia burgdorferi. This pathogen is a spirochete with endoflagella, an outer membrane with LPS-like substance, an inner membrane and a periplasmic space which contains a layer of peptidoglycan (Tilly, Rosa, Stewart, 2009). As stated before, it is transmitted via a bite from an infected tick. There are two main species of ticks, Ixodes scapularis, the blacklegged tick, and Ixodes pacificus, the western blacklegged tick. Ixodes scapularis is mainly found in the northeastern, mid-Atlantic, and north central United States while Ixodes pacificus is found on the Pacific coast of the US (Center for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2013). The most common reservoirs of these ticks are the white tailed deer and the white footed mouse (Wadsworth Center, n.d.). Ticks must be attached and feeding for thirty-six to forty-eight hours to transmit Lyme disease (Mayo Clinic, 2012). Although adult ticks can transmit Borrelia burgdorferi, most people infected are bitten by nymphs, immature ticks. Both females and males of any age are susceptible to being bitten by ticks, however, it is found that children ages zero to fourteen and adults ages thirty and above have the highest numbers of infection. (CDC, 2013) Borrelia burgdorferi is brought in through the tick bite to the bloodstream. From there, itShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Lyme Disease On The Geographical Distribution And Transmission Of The Disease1146 Words   |  5 PagesCenter of Disease Control and Prevention show that there are approximately 300,000 cases of Lyme Disease reported in the United States annually (CDC, 2016). The above data categorizes Lyme Disease as the number one animal carried and vector-borne disease. Vector is a term used to describe a living organism able to carry a nd spread an infectious disease from either animal to human or human to human (WHO, 2016). Surprisingly, it was not until 1982 that the CDC placed Lyme as an official disease categoryRead MoreElizabeth Althouse. Module 7 Assignment. Influenzapertussislyme1099 Words   |  5 PagesElizabeth Althouse Module 7 Assignment Influenza Pertussis Lyme Disease Disease is limited to humans, i.e. no animal reservoir? No. Depending on the type of Influenza it can be found in pigs, birds, whales, horses, seals and cats (â€Å"Transmission of,† 2017). Yes, Pertussis is a disease that is only found in humans which is transferred by body fluids (â€Å"Causes and Transmission,† 2015). No. There is a multitude of animals that can be infected by Lyme disease including dogs, horses, cattle, etc. but only ticksRead MoreThe Treatment And Prevention Of Lyme Disease1335 Words   |  6 PagesTreatment and Prevention of Lyme Disease This document will provide in-depth research on the treatment and prevention of Lyme disease. Lyme disease is explained by The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2015) as being â€Å"caused by the bacterium Borrelia burgdorferi and is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected blacklegged ticks† (What is bacteria? Section, para. 1). As explained, Lyme disease is spread through vector-borne transmissions. A vector-borne transmission is the spread of certainRead MoreLyme disease: An Emerging Infectious Disease1096 Words   |  5 PagesDisease and Pathology Lyme disease, or lyme borreliosis, is an emerging infectious disease transmitted by ticks. Lyme disease is considered an emerging infectious disease because it’s incidence has increased over the past 20 years, and it was not identified until 1975 in the United States (CITE). Lyme disease is the most commonly reported vector-borne disease in the United States. Lyme disease causes symptoms similar to that of influenza, and includes headache, chills, fever, lethargy, and muscleRead MoreDescriptive Epidemiological Analysis Of Lyme Disease Essay819 Words   |  4 PagesDescriptive Epidemiological Analysis of Lyme disease Lyme disease is a spirochetal infection, which is transmitted by the bite of infected Ixodes ricinus complex ticks. It is brought about essentially by Borrelia burgdorferi in the United States. Lyme disease was initially perceived clinically in 1977 as Lyme arthritis amid investigations of a group of youngsters in Connecticut who were thought to have adolescent rheumatoid joint inflammation. The etiology of Lyme disease was found to be a spirochete inRead MoreLyme Disease Is A Disease1286 Words   |  6 PagesLyme Disease Lyme’s disease is a disease that is transmitted to humans when an infected tick bites the human’s skin. According to Lymedisease.org, â€Å"Symptoms of early Lyme disease may present as a flu-like illness (fever, chills, sweats, muscle aches, fatigue, nausea and joint pain). Some patients have a rash or Bell’s palsy (facial drooping). However, although a rash shaped like a bull’s-eye is considered characteristic of Lyme disease, many people develop a different kind of Lyme rash or none atRead MoreDisease Control And Prevention Starting Reporting Lyme Disease1576 Words   |  7 PagesCenters for Disease Control and Prevention starting reporting Lyme disease as a reportable disease in 1991 it has been the most commonly reported vector-borne illness is the United States1. It should be noted that Lyme disease does not occur everywhere in the US, and is heavily concentrated in upper Midwest and northeast United States1. This report has been compiled to provi de recommendations for prophylactic treatment of Lyme disease once a patient encounters a tick bite. Lyme disease is caused byRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Lyme Disease1710 Words   |  7 PagesaIntroduction Lyme disease has been the most commonly reported vector-borne illness in the United States since the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention started reporting it in 19911. It should be noted that Lyme disease does not occur everywhere in the US, and is heavily concentrated in upper Midwest and northeast United States1. This report has been compiled to provide recommendations for antimicrobial prophylactic treatment of Lyme disease once a patient encounters a tick bite. Lyme disease is causedRead MoreDefinition Of Casual Agent And Epidemiology1141 Words   |  5 PagesCenter of Disease Control and Prevention show that there are approximately 30,000 cases of Lyme Disease reported in the United States annually (CDC, 2015). The above data categorizes Lyme Disease as the number one animal carried and vector-borne disease. Vector is a term used to describe a living organism able to carry and spread an infectious disease from either animal to human or human to human (WHO, 2016). Surprisingly, it was not until 1982 that the CDC placed Lyme as an official disease categoryRead MoreA Brief History Of Lyme Disease1232 Words   |  5 PagesCenter of Disease Control and Prevention show that there are approximately 30,000 of Lyme Disease being reported in the United States annually (CDC, 2015). The above statistic categorizes Lyme Disease as the number one animal carried and vector-borne disease. Vector is a term used to describe a living organism which is able to carry and spread an infectious disease from either animal to human or human to human. (WHO, 2016). Not many may know that it was not until 1982 that the Centers for Disease Control

Immigration to the US - 1148 Words

There are many Asian immigrants that come to the United States in hopes of living out their American dream of becoming United States citizens. My parents came here exactly for that same reason, so they can give my sisters and I the opportunity to live a better life. We were fortunate enough to have our relatives help us get here, making it a little less difficult for us compared to other families that took a different path to becoming citizens. However, it was not always this easy for an Asian immigrant family like ours to become naturalized citizens. It used to be near impossible for immigrants of Asian descent to become a United States citizen, but in recent years, there have been a spur of people with Asian ethnicity who are†¦show more content†¦For example, â€Å"The Naturalization Law of 1790 had specified that naturalized citizenship was to be reserved for ‘whites’† (Takaki 14). This in turn made it near impossible for Asian immigrants to become United States citizen. The law heavily impacted people like Bhagat Singh Thind, an Asian Indian, whose citizenship was denied by the United States Supreme Court in the 1923 decision of U.S. vs. Bhagat Singh Thind. He argued Indians are technically Aryans, making him Caucasian. â€Å"The Court found that the authors of the 1790 statute probably ascribed to the Adamite theory of creation and understood white people in its popular, and not scientific, sense† (United States v. Bhagat Singh Thind.). The law was not repealed until 1952 (Takaki 14). Although immigrants, like the Irish and Italians, also experienced discrimination, they were still able to become citizens because they fell into the category of â€Å"white†. There were also a number of other different policies passed that prevented Asian immigrants from becoming United States citizens. Around 1848 after the annexation of California, the first large group of Asians immigrated into the United States. Aaron H. Palmer, an American policymaker, requested to import Chinese laborers into the United States in order to make the dreamShow MoreRelated Immigration into the US Essay977 Words   |  4 Pagesconcerns with immigrants and immigration policies have confronted the nation throughout history. This is due mostly because the nation promotes freedom and democracy. There are also unlimited economic opportunities to improve the material circumstances of peoples’ lives. While foreigners are coming into this country, the political view and public surroundings are changing drastically looking harmful for American culture and society. David Cole a law professor views immigration as a positive affect onRead MoreImmigration Perpectives in US1473 Words   |  6 Pagesopportunity to make more money. The United States is a country that was founded by and has grown exponentially as a direct result of immigration. A survey from the United States Census Bureau in 2009 showed the current number of immigrants living in America was 38,517,234. (http://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/frequently-requested-statistics-immigrants-and-immigration-united-states-1) Each immigrant from around the world brings with them culture, lifestyle and religious differences that may seemRead MoreUs Immigration Policy3707 Words   |  15 PagesStates Immigration Policy Our economic times, international relations, and terrorism have shaped our countries immigration policy. These issues have driven us to pass legislation opening and closing our borders in response to current events. Though not always at the forefront of concern, it has been a constant struggle that has affected the dynamics of our country. Arizona’s recent passing of tough immigration laws aimed at identifying and deporting illegal immigrants has again put immigration atRead MoreThe Impact Of Immigration On The Us Economy929 Words   |  4 Pagesis greater today than it was at the turn of the century, so as the US economy. US economy has proved to be raised dramatically in the past few years. This made me think about Immigration and the US economy on a same page in my mind. Many questions started populating in my head such as Does immigration in some way affect the US economy? If yes, how? After doing some research, I found that Immigration plays an important role in the US economy. I’ll start with my own background, how this question is connectedRead More Immigration into the US Essay example959 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican’s Industrial Revolution fueled the most rigorous period of immigration in American history. Many millions of people, mostly from Southern and Eastern Europe came to America. Most were poor, didn’t speak English and almost all were strangers to America to society and culture. These were the â€Å"New Immigrants†, and they swelled to existing American cities, while also forming new cities in the process. The forces of immigration and urbanization would combine with industrialization to transformRead MoreThe Issue of Illegal Immigration in the US1087 Words   |  5 Pages Americans today, know that there is a problem with illegal immigration. Everyday many illegal immigrants cross the borders. There are between twelve and twenty million illegal immigrants in America. (â€Å"Scary Immigration Statistics † 1) The U.S. should make all illegal immigrants register or deport them to their original countries. The U.S. should also make a program so that the immigrants can get a license for legality. If the immigrants do not want to cooperate, then they cannot be in America. TheRead MoreEssay about Immigration in the US1493 Words   |  6 PagesMail order brides should be banned in the United States in order to reduce the increase of domestic violence amongst women (Chittenden 5), the testing of a bride’s selflessness (Bell 1), and internet scams (Internet Relationships 1). Immigration in the United States has increased over the years. Nevertheless, the process may take weeks, even months at a time. Mail order brides are no exception either. They undergo a similar process in order to immigrate as well. Being a vulnerableRead MorePolitical Dimensions Of Us Immigration Policies1207 Words   |  5 PagesPolitical Dimensions of US Immigration Policies Japanese and Chinese Immigration and Exclusionary Immigration Policies Anti-immigrant driven exclusive immigration policies barred Japanese and Chinese immigrants from immigrating to the United States and accessing the privileges of citizenship. Through the Immigration Acts of 1917, 1921, and 1924, the US government insured that Japanese and Chinese immigrants could not immigrate to the United States by creating an artificial geographic area or â€Å"AsiaticRead MoreThe Immigration Act Is A Defining Moment That Changed Us Immigration Policy877 Words   |  4 PagesThe 1965 Amendment to the Immigration Act was a defining moment that radically changed US immigration policy and provided the basis for all that we have witnessed today with its far reaching consequences. Before 1965, the national origins quotas, which heavily favored British, German, and Irish immigrants, was replaced with a less discriminatory system (Hatton, 2015). Many decades following the enactment of this law saw a dramatic rise in the total number of immigrants, and an equally drama tic switchRead MoreThe Effect of Illegal Immigration on the US Economy Essay895 Words   |  4 Pagesacross the globe, taking a chance to find a better life for them and their family. Over the years, the population of immigrants has grown immensely, resulting in the currently controversial issue of illegal immigration. Illegal immigrants are the people who have overstayed the time granted on their US, visa or those who have broken the federal law by crossing the border illegally. Matt O’Brien stated in his article â€Å"The government thinks that 10.8 million illegal immigrants lived in the country in January

Corporate Finance Law Management

Questions: Please prepare a memorandum of advice on the following issues: 1. The important legal requirements that must be met in order for the company to issue more shares. 2. The legal and financial issues involved in issuing dividends. In your answer stress why a new share issue cannot be used to finance dividends. 3. What potential options the company has to ensure that the current shareholders can retain of control of the company. Identify and describe these options to allay Dr. Yao's fears. Answers: 1. Cause of Action: The memorandum of advice stands to be the above mentioned content herein. A public limited company sells law books related to finance and investment in Asia. The main proprietors of the company are Ellinger, Davies and Yao. They have been running this company for the last 5years and they have a small office at sharing basis in Bloomsbury, London. It has quite a good reputation in the market. Company is basically a small scale business wherein the three of them namely Ellinger, Davis and Yao shares altogether 75% of the share capital in the company and the rest 25% is held by three outside investors who have been investing in the company since the birth of the company. 10,000 shares in total are fully paid up and thereby they meet all the requirements laid down by the Companies Act, 2006. At a board meeting they raised a topic of expanding the business at large. Ellinger is also in support of the opinion and wants to expand the company by raising funds by issuing new shares. Yao on the other hand is also of the opinion of raising fund by issuing dividends and at the same time wants the business to get expanded. Remedies: It is a well adopted concept of Law that funds of a company can only be raised by issuing shares. In order to accomplish the issuance of shares, the following steps are required to be performed: Issuing of prospectus Receiving of application Allotment of shares Call on shares A prospectus is the document issued if a company wishes to raise its fund by issuing shares. It provides for the details of investment the company will be making. (Anon, c2015) It is documents used by a company to invite people for buying shares and thereby an application for shares. Before issuing the prospectus, a copy of it should be submitted to the Securities and Exchange Commission. A prospectus will provide for various details like name of the directors, number of shares to be sold, opening and closing date of the share issue, application fees, allotment and on-call dates and the details of bank in which the amount is to be submitted and minimum shares for application. (Arsalidou, 2012) Advice on Specific Issue Of Law: Section 63 of the Company Act lays the various rules and aspects of issuing bonus shares in order to raise funds. A company may issue its fully paid up bonus shares to its member by any of the ways adopted either by its free reserves or by its securities premium account or by its capital redemption reserve account. Wherein there is an exception to this rule. It states that no issuing of bonus shares can be assessed by capitalizing reserves formed by the revaluation of assets. It is to be kept in mind, as provided by the law, that no company shall capitalize its profits or reserves for issuing bonus shares. (Cahn and Donald, 2010)Such a step can only be adopted by the company in certain circumstances which have been provided under the law. A company can capitalize its profit for issuance of the bonus shares only if it has been authorized to do by the articles of association framed. Again it can capitalize its profit or reserves to sell of bonus shares to raise funds only if such recom mendations are made in the board general meeting of the company. If a company has not failed to pay its principal or interest in respect of any fixed deposits or debts securities, then a company may, if it wants capitalize its reserves or shares to issue bonus shares. (Cheffins, 1997) In a circumstance where the company has not been in default in paying the statutory dues of the employees like gratuity or bonus or provident fund, may if wishes, can issue bonus shares by capitalizing profits or shares. A company can at any time issue any number of shares only if it abides by the rules laid down by the Company Law. (Chiu, 2010) It is to be kept in mind that bonus shares cannot be issued in lieu of dividends. Whatever shares are required to be offered shall be at any point of time be registered with companies account. A share without registering doesnt stands to be valid. In order to offer shares for raising fund, at first a general meeting has to be arranged wherein the idea would be discussed and voting rights would be embedded therein. (Collison et al., 2014)Only after it passes through all this steps a resolution would be passed in that accordance and then such resolution would be implemented in the company. It has been held under Section 83 of the Company law, that every member of the company holding equity shares shall have the right to vote in that respect of capital to be raised depending on every resolution passed on that basis. Summary Of Advice: In the following issue that has been provided herein, all the three owners of the Company Ellinger, Yao and Davies have to at first arrange general meeting of board. In such a meeting all the shareholders would be called upon as all of them have voting rights in that respect. Hence the other three outsiders holding 25% of the share capital shall also be present in such meeting. After discussing of the agenda, voting rights should be polled and in accordance to the votes raised, the agenda would be passed as a resolution on the companys board. If such a resolution is passed then at the very first prospectus has to be prepared in that respect so as to invite people to buy shares. In reference to that applications of shares would be accepted. It is after this that the allotment of shares would be done and utmost important parallel its registration is to be done in that respect. It is then that call of shares would take place and new members would be added to the company. (Crespi and Ren neboog, 2010) 2. Introduction Paying a profit is the standard route for an organization to disperse an offer of its benefits among the shareholders. Under the laws of England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland there are point by point statutory principles as to dispersions in CA 2006, section 829 to section 853. An itemized thought of these is past the extent of this database; however the principle reason behind these procurements is to deny organizations from making disseminations with the exception of out of benefits.(Dashwood and Ward, 2000) In a public organization, the standard practice be intended for the principle people to pronounce and disburse an interval income taking into account the report intended for the initial six months of the organization funds related year. The executives will then prescribe a previous turnover to the Annual General Meeting in view of the reimbursement complete in the entire year, and the AGM then pass strength of mind proclaim that income.(Davies and Rickford, 2008) Summary of Advice Section 30 of the Company Act, 2006 talks about the procedures for the declaration of dividends. It says that, 30(1) the organization might by standard determination pronounce profits, and the chiefs may choose to pay between time profits. Section 30 (2) says that a profit should not be announced unless the chiefs have made a suggestion as to its sum. Such a profit should not surpass the sum suggested by the chiefs. Section 30 (3) says that no profit may be announced or paid unless it is as per shareholders' particular rights. Section 30(4) says that unless the shareholders' determination to announce or chiefs' choice to pay a profit, or the terms on which shares are issued, indicate else, it must be paid by reference to every shareholder's holding of shares on the date of the determination or choice to pronounce or pay it. section 30 (5), if the organization's offer capital is partitioned into diverse classes, no between time profit may be paid on shares conveying conceded or non-fa vored rights if, at the season of installment, any special profit is in arrears. Subsection (6) also says that the executives may pay at interims any profit payable at an altered rate on the off chance that it seems to them that the benefits accessible for appropriation legitimize the installment. Section 30 (7) says that if the chiefs demonstration in accordance with some basic honesty, they don't cause any risk to the holders of shares presenting favored rights for any misfortune they may endure by the legal installment of a between time profit on shares with conceded or non-favored right.(Dignam and Lowry, 2006) Cause of Action The key manage in the Companies Act 2006 is that organizations might make dispersions just out of benefits accessible for the reason, which are fundamentally decided as collected acknowledged benefits less amassed acknowledged misfortunes. It is critical to recollect that not all that matters perceived in benefits is acknowledged, specificallywhere records are arranged under IFRS. For instance, an addition on revaluation of a speculation property, perceived in benefit on the other hand misfortune under IFRS, is not an acknowledged benefit. Specific complexities can likewise emerge with intra-bunch exchanges,which may prompt benefits perceived in the individual records of some gathering organizations not being dealt with as figured it out.(French, Mayson and Ryan, 2012) Open organizations need to do an additional test to watch that their net resources won't tumble to not exactly the total of called-up offer capital and not distributable saves as a consequence of making a circulation. Samples of not distributable stores are the offer premium record, capital recovery saves and, in numerous cases, the revaluation saves. There are further principles for venture organizations, which are not secured in this factsheet.(Grier, Griffin and Capper, 1998) Defences Executives should likewise remember their trustee and other obligations, for instance their commitment to protect the organization's resources and make sensible moves to guarantee so as to the organization is thus in a place to settle its obligations as they drop due. Henceforth, chiefs will need to survey whether the organization will even now be dissolvable taking after a proposed appropriation.(Hannigan, 2003) In regular law, an organization can't legally create a circulation out of assets. In this manner, the chiefs require to survey, together at the occasion they recommend the circulation and the moment it is complete, whether the organization has brought about misfortunes ensuing to the monetary record date to which the applicable records were arranged that have disintegrated its benefits accessible for circulation.(Hannigan, 2012) Appropriations must be legitimized taking into account accessible benefits indicated in significant records. These are individual organization accounts, not gathering records. The fundamental principle for every constrained company is that the pertinent records are the organization's latest yearly records that were marked and coursed to individuals. On the off chance that an organization's latest yearly records don't indicate adequate distributable benefits, then still anywhere administration know benefits contain been complete following the year end to which those records relate, for instance in light of the fact that profits have been gotten from backups, a profit can't be paid unless later between time records have been arranged for the organization independently that show adequate distributable benefits to bolster the profit to be paid. On the off chance that the executives wish to pay a profit before any yearly records have been flowed, at that point they will need to get ready starting records to bolster theproposed profit. This circumstance commonly emerges where the organization is recently fused. For an open organization, the guidelines are much stricter. Between time accounts must be legitimately arranged under the Companies Act 2006what's more, documented at Companies House before making the conveyance. Nonetheless, these between times records require not be inspected. By contrast, if an open organization needs beginning records to legitimize a profit, those records do should be examined. In generally other regards, the necessities for introductory records are like those for between time records, including the need to record the accounts at Companies House preceding paying the profit. Conclusion The driving case on this issue was that of AvelingBarford Ltd v Perion Ltd (1989)(AvelingBarford Ltd v Perion Ltd, [1989]) where a possession was sold for fundamentally a smaller amount than its reasonable esteem by an organization with amassed misfortunes to another organization claimed by the scheming investor of themerchant organization. The Court apprehended that this added up to an illegal return of assets. The Explanatory Notes issued by the then Department of Exchange and Industry nearby the Companies Act 2006 made it clear that section 845, Companies Act 2006, did not exasperate the position in the AvelingBarford case, rather it elucidated more extensive issues emerging. The UK Supreme Court considered the issue further in 2010 on account of Progress Property Company Limited v Moorgarth Group Limited.(Progress Property Company Limited v Moorgarth Group Limited., [2010]) They noticed that the legitimacy of a circulation ought to be controlled by taking into consideration the g enuine reason and matter of the exchange instead of the structure. 3. Introduction The privileges any shareholder have in every specific organization by and large rely on upon the procurements of the Companies Act 2006, the organization's articles of affiliation, the terms of issue of the shares and any shareholders' understanding. Formulating the right share capital structure is an intricate business.(Judge, 2010) Summary of Advice The general circumstance is that consequently for putting resources into an organization a shareholder gets a heap of rights in the organization which may shift as per the kind of shares gained. Most organizations just have one class of shares however the law in the UK is to a great degree adaptable and permits any classes of shares to be made. This is finished by setting out the diverse rights appended to the different classes. What rights are appended to the diverse classes of shares is basically a matter for the organization to focus.(Loughrey, 2013) Cause of Action The shareholders have certain rights as: To go to general meeting and vote Commonly shares convey one vote each yet there may be non-voting imparts or shares to various votes. A few shares may convey the privilege to vote just specifically circumstances. See underneath for the statutory procurements on voting rights. Note additionally the statutory rights a shareholder needs to select an intermediary to go to and vote at a general meeting, to order a general meeting, to have a composed determination coursed to the individuals.(Olaerts and Schwarz, 2012) To an offer of the organization's benefits The dispersion of benefits is paid by method for a profit of a certain sum paid on every offer. A profit may be paid just if the organization has made benefits and to the degree that it chooses to disseminate them. Without any procurement in actuality, profits must be paid in extent to the shares held by every shareholder, except it is turning out to be progressively regular for articles to give that the organization's shares are isolated into distinctive classes and for the executives to have the capacity to fluctuate the profits assigned to these course.(Ottley, 2013) To a last conveyance on twisting up In the event that the organization is twisted up and all the leasers are paid, the remaining resources are accessible for division among the individuals. This may be in two stages: (1) an arrival of capital; (2) dissemination of surplus capital. A few shares may be given a need as to one or both of these, or barred from interest in any overflow. Shareholder also has the right to take delivery of and get a copy of the companys annual accounts so that they can keep a track of the financial records of the company and the organization.(Sadler, 2002) That the organization be run legitimately As per the Companies Act, the general law and the organization's constitution the shareholder can see the successful working of the company. By and large just the individuals from the organization will have the lawful right to sue to make the organization demonstration legally, and even they may be confined in their capacity to sue under the regular law govern in Foss v Harbottle.(Foss v Harbottle, [1843]) This is an unpredictable range past the extent of this database. Organizations may have distinctive classes of shares, and this is ruined a wide range of reasons. Duties of the shareholder The fundamental obligation of shareholders is to pass resolutions at general gatherings by voting through their shareholder limit. This obligation is especially vital as it permits the shareholders to practice their definitive control over the organization and how it is overseen. Shareholders can vote in one of two routes: on a show of hands or through a survey vote where every vote will be proportionate to the measure of shares held by every shareholder. A show of hands is generally the favored technique for voting that happens at general gatherings. There are two resolutions that can be voted on at a meeting: a common determination, or an uncommon determination.(Villiers, 2006) The shareholders of an organization are its money related supporters; they give account to an organization by buying partakes in it, and through this get to be shareholders. This gives them certain rights as shareholders; they likewise have parts and obligations to hold fast to, which are situated out in the Companies Act 2006. As shareholders of an organization, they are shielded from liabilities as the organization seems to be 'restricted'. Shareholders could conceivably be chiefs of the organization moreover. Whilst executives are responsible for maintaining the everyday business of the organization and deciding, the shareholders have a couple of particular parts and obligations to guarantee they at last have control over the organization.(Zetzsche, 2005) Conclusion Significant choices which would have an impact on the shareholders' rights are typically needed, through the Companies Act 2006, to be endorsed by the shareholders at a general meeting called by the executives of the organization. Just certain demonstrations should be possible by the shareholders, for example, expelling an executive from office, changing the name of the organization, or approving an administration contract for a chief which gives him professional stability for over two years. As a rule, shareholders have little control over the chiefs and how they run the organization, yet their fundamental part is to go to meeting and examine whatever is on the motivation to guarantee the executives don't go past their forces. References Anon, (2015). [online] Available at: https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2006/46/pdfs/ukpga_20060046_en.pdf [Accessed 2 Jul. 2015].Arsalidou, D. (2012). Shareholders and Corporate Scrutiny: The Role of the UK Stewardship Code. European Company and Financial Law Review, 9(3).AvelingBarford Ltd v Perion Ltd [1989] BCLC 626.Cahn, A. and Donald, D. (2010). Comparative company law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Cheffins, B. (1997). Company law. Oxford: Clarendon Press Chiu, I. (2010). The foundations and anatomy of shareholder activism. Oxford: Hart Pub. Collison, D., Cross, S., Ferguson, J., Power, D. and Stevenson, L. (2014). Financialization and company law: A study of the UK Company Law Review. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 25(1), pp.5-16. Crespi, R. and Renneboog, L. (2010). Is (Institutional) Shareholder Activism New? Evidence from UK Shareholder Coalitions in the Pre-Cadbury Era. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 18(4), pp.274-295. Dashwood, A. and Ward, A. (2000). Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies Vol 2, 1999. Oxford: Hart Pub. Davies, P. and Rickford, J. (2008). An Introduction to the New UK Companies Act. European Company and Financial Law Review, 5(1). Dignam, A. and Lowry, J. (2006). Company law. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Foss v Harbottle [1843] 67 ER 189. French, D., Mayson, S. and Ryan, C. (2012). Mayson, French Ryan on Company Law. Oxford: OUP Oxford. Grier, N., Griffin, S. and Capper, D. (1998). UK company law. Chichester: J. Wiley. Hannigan, B. (2003). Company law. London: LexisNexis UK. Hannigan, B. (2012). Company Law. Oxford: OUP Oxford. Judge, S. (2010). Company law. Oxford [UK]: Oxford University Press. Loughrey, J. (2013). Directors' duties and shareholder litigation in the wake of the financial crisis. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited. Olaerts, M. and Schwarz, C. (2012). Shareholder democracy. The Hague, The Netherlands: Eleven International Pub. Ottley, M. (2013). Company law. Abingdon, Oxon [UK]: Routledge. Progress Property Company Limited v Moorgarth Group Limited. [2010] UKSC 55. Sadler, P. (2002). Building tomorrow's company. London: Kogan Page. Villiers, C. (2006). Corporate reporting and company law. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Zetzsche, D. (2005). Shareholder Interaction Preceding Shareholder Meetings of Public Corporations A Six Country Comparison. European Company and Financial Law Review, 2(1).

Student retention free essay sample

Three ways to improve student retention are orientation programs, student services, and most importantly, student attitude and preparedness. Improving student retention is critical for student success. One way to improve student retention in community colleges are well developed orientation programs. Such programs can help prevent disaster and make a clear path for success in a college students future. For example, successful orientations should familiarize students with the services available and show them how to locate these services.Also, orientation programs should include personnel such as, advisors, tutoring staff and financial aid officers. Furthermore, good orientation programs should include information regarding school athletic activities, honor societies, clubs and organizations. Well developed orientation programs will benefit the student by creating a plan for academic success, improving student retention. Another way to improve student retention is by actively participating in a First Year Experience program.A First Year Experience class is a core curriculum acquirement for a first year student. We will write a custom essay sample on Student retention or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The purpose of this course is to integrate you into the life and culture of the college and to prepare you with the foundations for academic success. Active participation in a first year experience class will lead a student to success in college. For example, it helps a student become more confident academically. As a result, thriving In the college and beyond. These classes are also designed to help transition a student in becoming a successful life long learner.This type of program will infinite the student by creating a plan for academic success, improving student retention. The most important way to improve retention in community colleges is a students positive attitude. A students definitive state of mind can play an important role in being successful in college. Student attitude and accountability impacts retention. Therefore, a prepared and persistent student who attends every class on time, participates in class, and does homework on time, all play a critical role for success, improving student retention.In conclusion, students who make a connection with the classroom will see the results of their hard work, making them less vulnerable to failure. Such as challenging yourself and going the extra mile by getting the professional support needed to succeed. Also, utilizing orientation programs and student services are important for success. Likewise, a positive attitude and student preparedness will all lead to academic excellence as well. Therefore, student retention in community colleges play a critical role for student success.

Biography of Captain Henry Morgan, Welsh Privateer

Biography of Captain Henry Morgan, Welsh Privateer Sir Henry Morgan (c. 1635–August 25, 1688) was a Welsh privateer who fought for the English against the Spanish in the Caribbean during the 1660s and 1670s. He is remembered as the greatest of the privateers, amassing huge fleets, attacking prominent targets, and being the worst enemy of the Spanish since Sir Francis Drake. Although he made numerous raids all along the Spanish Main, his three most famous exploits were the 1668 sack of Portobello, the 1669 raid on Maracaibo, and the 1671 attack on Panama. Morgan was knighted by King Charles II of England and died in Jamaica a rich man. Fast Facts: Henry Morgan Known For: Captain Morgan was one of the most notorious privateers of the 17th century.Born: c.  1635 in Llanrhymny,  WalesDied: August 25, 1688 in Lawrencefield, Jamaica Early Life   Morgans exact date of birth is unknown, but he is believed to have been born sometime around 1635 in Monmouth County, Wales. He had two uncles who had distinguished themselves in the English military, and Henry decided as a young man to follow in their footsteps. He was with General Venables and Admiral Penn in 1654 when they captured Jamaica from the Spanish. Privateering Morgan soon took up a life of privateering, launching attacks up and down the Spanish Main and Central America. Privateers were like pirates, only legal- they were mercenaries who were allowed to attack enemy ships and ports. In exchange, they kept most of the loot, although they did share some with the crown. Morgan was one of many privateers who had a â€Å"license† to attack the Spanish as long as England and Spain were at war (they fought on and off during most of Morgan’s life). In times of peace, the privateers either took to outright piracy or more respectable trades such as fishing or logging. The English colony on Jamaica, a foothold in the Caribbean, was weak, so it behooved the English to have a large privateer force ready for times of war. Morgan excelled at privateering. His attacks were well-planned, he was a fearless leader, and he was very clever. By 1668 he was the leader of the Brethren of the Coast, a group of pirates, buccaneers, corsairs, and privateers. Attack on Portobello In 1667, Morgan was sent to sea to find some Spanish prisoners to confirm rumors of an attack on Jamaica. He had grown legendary  and soon found that he had a force of some 500 men in several ships. He captured some prisoners in Cuba, and then he and his captains decided to attack the rich town of Portobello. In July 1668, Morgan took Portobello by surprise and quickly overran its meager defenses. Not only did his men loot the town, but they essentially held it for ransom, demanding and receiving 100,000 pesos in exchange for not burning the city to the ground. Morgan left after about a month. The sack of Portobello resulted in huge shares of loot for everyone involved, and Morgans fame grew even greater. Raid on Maracaibo By October 1668, Morgan was restless and decided to head once again to the Spanish Main. He sent out word that he was organizing another expedition. Morgan went to Isla Vaca and waited while hundreds of corsairs and buccaneers rallied to his side. On March 9, 1669, he and his men attacked the La Barra fort, the main defense of Lake Maracaibo, and captured it without much difficulty. They entered the lake and sacked the towns of Maracaibo and Gibraltar, but they lingered too long and some Spanish warships trapped them by blocking off the narrow entrance to the lake. Morgan cleverly sent a fireship against the Spanish, and of the three Spanish ships, one was sunk, one captured, and one abandoned. After that, he tricked the commanders of the fort (which had been rearmed by the Spanish) to turn their guns inland, and Morgan sailed past them at night. It was the privateer at his most devious. Sack of Panama By 1671, Morgan was ready for one last assault on the Spanish. Again he gathered an army of pirates, and they decided to attack the rich city of Panama. With about 1,000 men, Morgan captured the San Lorenzo fort and began the march overland to Panama City in January 1671. The Spanish forces were in terror of Morgan and abandoned their defenses at the last moment. On January 28, 1671, the privateers and the defenders met in battle on the plains outside the city. It was an utter rout, and the city defenders were scattered in short order by the well-armed invaders. Morgan and his men sacked the city and were gone before any help could arrive. Although it was a successful raid, much of Panamas loot was shipped away before the pirates arrived, so it was the least profitable of Morgans three major ventures. Fame Panama would be Morgans last great raid. By then, he was very rich and influential in Jamaica and had a great deal of land. He retired from privateering, but the world did not forget him. Spain and England had signed a peace treaty before the Panama raid (whether or not Morgan knew of the treaty before he attacked is a matter of some debate) and Spain was furious. Sir Thomas Modyford, the governor of Jamaica who had authorized Morgan to sail, was relieved of his post and sent to England, where he would eventually receive a light punishment. Morgan, too, was sent to England, where he spent a couple of years as a celebrity, dining in the fancy homes of lords who were fans of his exploits. He was even asked his opinion on how to improve Jamaicas defenses. Not only was he never punished, but he was knighted and sent back to Jamaica as lieutenant governor. Death Morgan returned to Jamaica, where he spent his days drinking with his men, running his estates, and fondly telling war stories. He helped organize and improve the defenses of Jamaica and administered the colony while the governor was absent, but he never again went to sea. He died on August 25, 1688, and was given a royal send-off. Morgan lay in state at the Kings House in Port Royal, ships anchored in the harbor fired their guns in salute, and his body was carried through town on a gun carriage to St. Peters Church. Legacy Morgan left behind a complicated legacy. Although his attacks put constant pressure on relations between Spain and England, Englishmen of all social classes loved him and enjoyed his exploits. Diplomats loathed him for violating their treaties, but the almost supernatural fear the Spanish had for him most likely helped drive them to the negotiating table in the first place. Still, Morgan probably did more harm than good. He helped build Jamaica into a strong English colony in the Caribbean and was responsible for lifting Englands spirits during an otherwise grim time in history, but he also was guilty of the death and torture of countless innocent Spanish civilians and spread terror far and wide on the Spanish Main. Captain Morgan remains a legend today, and his effect on popular culture has been considerable. He is considered one of the greatest pirates ever, even though he was actually not a pirate but a privateer (and would have been offended to be called a pirate). Certain places are still named for him, such as Morgans Valley in Jamaica and Morgans Cave on San Andres Island. His most visible presence today is probably as the mascot for the Captain Morgan brands of spiced rum and spirits. There are hotels and resorts named after him, as well as any number of small businesses in the places he frequented. Sources Cordingly, David. Under the Black Flag: the Romance and the Reality of Life among the Pirates. Random House, 2006.Earle, Peter G. The Sack of Panam Captain Morgan and the Battle for the Caribbean. Thomas Dunne Books, 2007.

Collegial vs. Collegiate

Collegial vs. Collegiate Collegial vs. Collegiate Collegial vs. Collegiate By Mark Nichol What’s the difference between collegial and collegiate? Both words, and the root word college and the related term colleague, stem from the Latin word collega, meaning â€Å"colleague.† But for the most part, collegial refers to a state of mind, while collegiate is a more concrete adjective. A colleague is one with whom one works or interacts in a profession, a government office, or a religious environment, and though collegial can refer to the sharing of authority or power among colleagues in both religious and secular contexts, the primary connotation is a value-laden one of camaraderie. However, it is sometimes employed as a synonym for a specific sense of collegiate. That word’s primary usage is in reference to college students or their activities; sports contests between teams representing different colleges or universities, for example, are referred to as intercollegiate athletics. Collegiate, however, also refers to a certain type of religious entity mentioned below. College itself usually refers to an institution of higher learning, either in the sense of a building or a campus of buildings and other facilities or in the sense of its students, faculty, and administration. A college may be a traditional liberal arts institution or may specialize in professional, technical, or vocational subject areas, such as a business college. The term is also used to refer to a constituent part of a university, often consisting of multiple departments offering courses of study in the same general area, such as a college of sciences. Often, when colleges expand so much that they are subdivided for administrative and educational efficiency, they change their status to that of a university. (That word derives from the Latin term for universe; meanwhile, varsity, a shortening and alteration of university, is British English slang for university and refers in general to the primary squad on a school athletic team or, occasionally, in another competitive endeavor. Other uses of the term college are for a group of clergy members living and working together, for any body of people with the same interests or goals, or, most familiarly, in the phrase â€Å"electoral college,† referring to a group of people selected to elect a person for a political office. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Addressing A Letter to Two People20 Rules About Subject-Verb AgreementParataxis and Hypotaxis

KWL Reading Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

KWL Reading Strategy - Essay Example Though it is good to teach the students by following the curriculum, but for the physical education there is no curriculum designed to follow. However, students are given different tasks and activities to perform. Each student has a different activity to perform it helps to deal with differences of individuals students. It can improve the abilities of each child individually because each student will be given task according to his or her skills. It is also important to consult with a physical therapist for development of each child. The APE should perform its duties to train the students and  to  enhance the skills of special students. During the training session, each student should be evaluated after every month. The progress of the student will be assessed by the teacher (Block, 2011). As each student is assigned with the different goals and objectives, it is the best practice that is known as IEP. The other instructors of the school may suggest some more positive changes for more effectiveness of the plans. The school is working according to the IDEA for those students with disabilities that want special education. Teaching the different kind of students provided more ideas to deal with them by offering a different and new activity. In order to effectively run an IEP during the PE, the teacher should have goals for each student based on their interests, skills and abilities. Furthermore, the assistant teacher will be required to run those activities. While teaching the students it is crucial to consider the parent’s interests, the student’s interest and provide guidance to survive in the community (Block,

Inquiring Minds want to know Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Inquiring Minds want to know - Assignment Example The data was further about a single population, readers of publications. Even though many types of longitudinal surveys exist, trend study best identifies the used survey. This survey type identifies a target population from which a sample, at each trial, is selected and analysis conducted at the different times to determine and explain possible difference. The type of study can be conducted over any time gap and may use different participants as well as different researchers (Copper and Schindler, n.d.). Many issues exist to validity and reliability of the applied survey type. Core to the concerns is the flexible scope of trend studies longitudinal surveys that allows for difference in researchers and research participants. Such a difference offers a biased basis for comparing results because of difference in research environments across the research times. The study, for example, sought to determine effectiveness of publication advertising in generating leads and difference in consumers’ response approach to advertisements based on technology changes may offer a biased platform for comparing effectiveness of publication advertising across the considered time points. This means that identified effectiveness of publication advertising in the year 1997 could have been underestimated because of responses by other means other than the considered cards. Availability of free toll lines for customers’ enquiries and availability of web sites from which consumers could make inq uiries and orders, in the year 2007, are examples of changes in the study that undermined reliability and validity of longitudinal survey (The University of Texas, n.d.; Copper and Schindler, n.d.). The survey method is also demanding in terms of resources. It requires time because data collection must consider data from at least two different periods. This further identifies the need for comparison and higher expenses on requirements

Critical Thinking and Ethics Essay Example for Free

Critical Thinking and Ethics Essay In a discussion of ethics, critical thinking may not be the first term that comes to mind, unless opposing. However in some ways, critical thinking can the foundation, from which an ethical decision is made. This paper will explain the relationship between critical thinking and ethics, how the principles and rules of critical thinking are applicable to ethical reasoning, and if ethical decisions would be necessary if everyone followed the rules of logic. Is Critical Thinking Applicable to Ethical Reasoning? Ethical reasoning is based on the principles of what is considered right and wrong. Critical thinking on the other hand, warrants more of a thought process, causing one to analyze the situation from all aspects before reaching a conclusion. â€Å"By taking the path of a critical thinker, a person develops a mental process of evaluation which helps to determine their ethical standards† (Mnmelillo, 2010, Professional Growth, para. 1). Logic versus Ethical Reasoning The purpose of logic is to find that which is true. Logical thinking processes are often times used in ethics to answer important moral questions. However logic does not guarantee a morally correct outcome. For example, the legalization of marijuana is constantly under debate. Using the rules of logic, one would be able to see both the pros and cons of this argument. Although drug use is considered unethical by US government standards, even for medicinal use, the state of California, has legalized medicinal marijuana. In this particular case or should I say state, the rules of logic did not produce a morally correct result. Conclusion Ethical reasoning and critical thinking are derived from different  processes, although there are circumstances in which one is necessary to reach a decision regarding the other. As with critical thinking, there are no hard rules determining the use of ethics, considering what may be unethical in some cultures, for example, may prove to be ethical in another. Ultimately the use of ethics versus critical thinking or logic is determined by the situation at hand. Reference: Mnmelillo, N. (2010). What is the relationship between critical thinking and ethics? Triad Search Marketing: Professional Growth. Retrieved from http://www.triadsearchmarketing.com/what-is-the-relationship-between-critical-thinking-and-ethics/

Population Growth Causes Poverty :: Expository Cause Effect Essays

Everywhere in the world, in every kind of culture, the poorest people have the most children. Does having many children make people poor? Or does being poor make people have many children? That is a hot question in the continuous struggle over how to spend foreign aid money. Those who think population growth causes poverty advocate programs in family planning and population education. Those who think poverty causes population growth favor direct economic aid, jobs, capital investment. Take care of development, they say, and the birth rate will take care of itself. Advocates of both sides have come to the village of Manupur in the province of Punjab in north India to prove themselves right. There is nothing special about Manupur. It is a typical Indian village, with a population in 1950 of about 1200, mostly farmers. Its people are not well off, though their lives are slowly improving. New seeds, fertilizers, and credit systems have caused wheat yields to quadruple since 1950. In 1953 a team from the Harvard School of Public Health came to Manupur to try out one of the world's first family planning programs. They visited all homes regularly, took a census, registered all births and deaths. They also instructed people about modern methods of birth control and handed out free contraceptives. The Harvard team expected that the birth rate would fall. The Punjabis were rural, poor and uneducated. They had an average of seven children per family. Many young people migrated to the city to find jobs; the ones who stayed inherited smaller and smaller plots of land. Surely if families knew how to prevent having so many children, they would have fewer. The people of Manupur politely accepted the contraceptive foams and jellies. At the beginning of the Harvard study their birth rate was about 40 babies per 1000 people per year. Six years later the birth rate had gone down a little, to 37.7. But the birth rate had also gone down all over the Punjab, even where there were no family planning programs. The Harvard researchers concluded that the villagers were not so ignorant after all. Family size had always been controlled with crude methods such as abstinence and self-induced abortion. Increasing prosperity caused people to want smaller families, because there was less need for children to work in the fields or support parents in their old age. Once that happened, birth rates went down. Modern contraceptives helped them go down more easily and quickly.

In the Heart of the Sea

In the Heart of the Sea The novel â€Å"In the Heart of the Sea: The Tragedy of the Whaleship Essex,† by Nathaniel Philbrick, successfully tells the story of the whale ship Essex that was attacked by a sperm whale 1,500 nautical miles west of the Galapagos, 40 miles south of the equator. Many people know this as the story of â€Å"Moby Dick†, which was based off this event. The novel highlights three themes: man versus nature, survival, and suffering. The novel starts out in the town of Nantucket, an island off the eastern coast of New England.Nantucket, at this time, is known as one of the most successful whaling ports. Docked on the port was the famous Essex, a 20 year whaling boat. The Essex is the pride of Nantucket. It is 87 feet long, 238 tons, equipped with 12 sails and carried several smaller whaling boats that were used when a whale was spotted. After lasting many years, the Essex developed a reputation for being a lucky ship. Many voyages lasted around two to three years in the Pacific Ocean. Many young boys, such as Thomas Nickerson, joined whaling crews at a young age.These crews were mixed of experienced whalers and â€Å"green hands,† men who have never sailed on a whaling ship. Usually, these new crew members would earn around $150 for two years work, so the experienced workers made the most of these â€Å"green hands. † Nantucket was known for its whale products, and was considered the whaling capital of the world. Whale oil was used to fuel lamps and making lamps (because there is no electricity, gas or kerosene). It is also used in margarine, shoe polish and soap. Baleen is a substance that comes from the mouths of the whale.They can be found in many women’s clothing. These two important goods come from whales and the only way to obtain the oil and baleen is to make a voyage out to see and find the whales. At the beginning of the novel, we are introduced to the town of Nantucket and whaling business. His disc ussions of this set us up for the events following later in the book. Philbrick also talks about the relationship between the colonists in Nantucket. They are very close, drawn together by their Quaker religion, similar experiences, and their interests in whaling.In the town, there is a hierarchy within the people. Where a person lived in the town was based on what rank they are in their society. The captain’s home would usually have the best view of the harbor. The seven black crewmen who were brought over to the crew were out casted, and relied on each other. The novel highlights the dangers of being a whaler. Young crewmen, such as Nickerson, were there to gain experience for future journeys. Nantucket was brought together by the whaling industry, and the community would usually see ships off before they took off.The Essex sailed off from Nantucket on August 12, 1819 under the command of 28 year-old Captain George Pollard, Jr. He spent the last four years on the Essex, and knew it very well. However, Philbrick points out that Pollard was not ready for be a captain, and we see why later on in the book. Owen Chase is the captain’s first mate, and Matthew Joy was the second mate. The Essex was operated with a 21-man crew. In chapter 2, Philbrick describes the ship. Also, in this chapter, we get a feel for the isolation of the â€Å"outsiders. The captain and his mates would sleep in cabins that were in the back of the ship, next, the Nantucket colonists would stay in the steerage, and the blacks, separated by the blubber room, stayed in front of the boat. After they embark on their journey, the men begin to complain about their rations. Pollard, was able to talk them into settling for what they had, establishing his power and authority. In chapter 5, on November 20, the crew spots whales 40 miles south of the equator. Chase and his crew go after a whale, which destroys their boat with its tail.When they bring their boat back to the Essex, they s pot a huge sperm whale near the bow of the ship calmly and quietly floating along the surface of the water. The whale began to move quickly towards the ship. The men try to steer Essex away from the whale, but are unsuccessful. The whale rams the ship with its head, and the men are amazed. After the whale revives itself, it struck the ship again, causing the Essex to sink bow-first. The men board their whaleboats after a night of preparation of leaving the Essex. They stripped the sails of the ship and attached them to their boats.The waves splashed over the boat, causing the work to be more difficult. The next morning, the boats take off. Chase and Pollard talk of where to go now that their ship has sunk. They speak about going to the Galapagos Islands, but Pollard noticed the wind direction would not allow them to go there. Next, they speak about the Marquesas, in the west. The men had heard that the inhabitants of the island were cannibals. South of the Marquesas were the Tauamot u Archipelago Islands, but the men had also heard that the islands have a bad reputation.In this conversation, we notice the colonist’s outlook on the unknown. They share a sense of togetherness within each other and no one else. We see this in the attitude of the colonists towards the black crewmen. Pollard decides to sail towards the Society Islands. There, Pollard saw a safer environment with little threat. Chase and Joy argue that the Society Islands would not be a good place to sail towards, and they could sail towards Chile or Peru instead. Pollard conforms to this decision. Here we see that Pollard has become less authoritative after the Essex sinks.In their first three weeks in the boats, the men faced many hardships. They faced thirst and hunger. Their skin had been burnt, salt water burned their sores, and the men, being as weak as they were, were unable to row the boats. On top of all that, another whale attacks Pollard’s boat. The men spot an island in the distance and conclude that they have arrived at Henderson Island. There, they found fresh water and ate crabs and birds. They were able to revive themselves, and this gave them a fighting chance of survival. Three men chose to stay on the island while the others left.Pollard promised he would rescue them after he reached South America. They return back to the ocean, and the men face the same obstacles they faced before they found Henderson Island. The men faced hunger but were still hydrated from the water collected at Henderson Island. Many accepted they weren’t going to live, and gave up their rations. Joy dies in the voyage, and the men bury him at dead. Bad turns to worse when the men realize there is only enough hardtack to last a day or two. On January 20, Lawson Thomas, a black crew member, dies, and the crew contemplates turning to cannibalism.The men concluded that in order to survive, they must eat the dead crew members. It is ironic that the men turned to cannibali sm, because they feared the inhabitants of the Marquesas. Three months after the Essex sank; the remaining two whaleboats are rescued in different areas along the South American coast. Two men were left alive in Pollard’s boat and three men in Chase’s boat. Nickerson, Chase, and Lawrence arrive in Valparaiso, Chile on February 25, 1821, and are taken back to Nantucket aboard whale ship Hero.Both Nantucket and the survivors of the Essex changed after the ship’s sinking. The whaling industry quickly fell to other towns. A fire that burned nearly a third of the town added to the difficulties. The men of the Essex were haunted when recalling what happened. Even Chase was deemed insane. This event caused the town of Nantucket to separate. The townspeople were no longer bonded by whaling, because the industry made a fall. The surviving men of the Essex became hypocritical, turning to cannibalism, one thing they feared and frowned upon. This event helps us understand w hat these men had to do when they are stranded, and teaches us the meaning of nature, survival, and suffering.Bibliography â€Å"Alone in the Pacific. † Salariya Publishing. Web. 18 Oct. 2010. <http://www. salariya. com/web_books/whaling/alone/alone. html>. â€Å"Nantucket Island History. † Nantucket Island Chamber of Commerce. Web. 18 Oct. 2010. <http://www. nantucketchamber. org/visitor/trivia. html>. Philbrick, Nathaniel. In the Heart of the Sea: The Tragedy of the Whaleship. New York,NY: Penguin, 2000. Print. In the Heart of the Sea Nicole Hart HIST 2300- Christopher Trobridge Writing Assignment One October 16, 2010 â€Å"In the Heart of the Sea: The Tragedy of the Whale ship Essex† In order to understand the ramifications of an event such as the sinking of the Essex one needs too understand the community that produces the crew. Nantucket was an island community much more than the literal sense of word. The islanders of Nantucket saw themselves differently than the rest of the word. They learned the skills of whaling from the original Wampanoag tribe. They were Quakers with a stoic sense of standards and community.The whale men from Nantucket saw themselves as superior to most other sailors of that time period. Hardship and perseverance were virtues held by the whale men and the women. The women ran the town while the whale men were at sea for years at a time. This type of work ethic and fortitude, and the worlds desire for oil, combined to make â€Å"the village of Nantucket one of the richest towns in America. † â€Å"In the Heart of the Sea† It also created a close-knit community with a few very successful and influential families that married with each other maintaining a strong central hierarchy.The sinking of the Essex directly affected the community of Nantucket but it was also far reaching to the rest of the country. America was growing as a Nation and its consumption of oil was expanding. The events of the Essex were not only interesting to sailors of the world but also to the mainlanders that consumed the oil. America in the eighteenth century and the early nineteenth century were considered â€Å"†¦a consumer revolution. † â€Å"Of the People† No one knew this fact better than the owners of the whale ships. They understood that whale oil was a commodity to be sold.In order to harvest it at a profit they had to balance their expenses. Every mate on a whale ship received a fraction of the profit that the whale ship would return with the oil it found. The more responsibility a sailor had on a whale ship, the larger his cut. Every expense, food, gear, clothing, water had to be factored in of doing business. For example the captain received the largest share, due to him having the most responsibility, while Thomas Nickerson’s share was the experience he received at a young age on a whale ship plus the room and board that he would receive for two to three years.A situation that occurred early in their journey was a foreboding of things to come. Weeks into there journey the Essex experienced a â€Å"Knockdown†, a knockdown is a severe weather event that led to damage of the Essex. Captain Pollard was slow to respond to the weather issue at hand. The result was damage to half of their whaleboats that they used to harpoon whales. After the damage was done Pollard felt it would be best to return to Nantucket to replenish the ship with a new compliment of whaleboats.First mate Owen Chase convinced the Captain to p roceed on with the whale boats they had with hope of getting more whaleboats of the coast of Africa. This dynamic exposed the type of sailor Captain Pollard was and the type of sailor first mate Chase was. Captain Pollard was proving to be â€Å"a Captain that had the skills of a first mate and first mate Owen was showing to have the skills of a Captain. † â€Å"In the Heart of the Sea. † These two personalities would continue to show themselves later in there journey after the Essex had sunk. When the Essex was rammed and destroyed by the sperm whale, the crews Nantucket heritage served them well.The officers of the Essex were able to maintain order and stifle any panic by the crewmen. They devised a strategy that first mate Chase had championed. Once again Captain Pollard’s initial plan was shelved for fist mate Chase’s plan. The remaining twenty-crew members of the Essex were split into three twenty-five foot whaling boats. Captain Pollard, First mate Chase, and Second officer Hendrix were in charge of the three boats. Even in this situation, a strong sense of the Nantucket community was resident in the division of each boat.The majority of the Nantucketers ended up in Captain Pollards boat. A few of the remaining Nantucketers ended up in First mate Chase’s boat and the majority of African American sailors ended up in second mate Hendrix’s boat. First mate Owen Chase proved to be a relentless advocate for hope. Thomas Nickerson saw another side of First mate Chase when their journey first began by seeing how curt Chase was to the crew. On the island of Nantucket Owen Chase was a gentlemen but at sea Chase took a role of being very demanding and wanting things done correctly.After the sinking of the Essex the crewmembers were struggling with the situation they were in and Chase changed his method of handling of the crew. When Chase saw the crew was losing spirit he showed a more â€Å"maternal† side. This chan ge in attitude was critical in the survival of the crewmembers that made it. The events that led to the cannibalism of crewmembers of the Essex were presented differently to Captain Pollard’s boat and first mate Chase’s boat. Captain Pollards and Hendrix boat became separated from Chases boat.The African American crewmembers having a low body fat content and a mineral deficient diet became prone to death before the Nantucket crewmembers. As the African American crewmembers died the living crewmembers consumed them. When there only living crew members left on Pollards boat they resorted to drawing lots to see who would give up their life as food and who would kill that sailor. On first mate Chase’s boat one of the sailors passes and the elect to consume his body. It appears that cannibalism was a common event that occurred in these situations.To this day human beings get presented with this dilemma, such as the plane crash in the Andes. As for me I would rather c hose death than the consuming of my mates. Spending months at a time with these men I would feel as though I was eating a family member and would rather wait for death than eat a fellow mate. Although I would have the pressure of supporting my family and wanting to return home, eating a human being I believe would be a lot easier said then done. In the grief that Captain Pollard experienced having to eat his nephew then facing his Aunt would be something I don’t think I could endure or ever live with.For Nantucket and the men involved in whale hunting it is more than just a hunt. It was a way of life, a way of survival, and the entire focus of a town. This novel contained more than just the story of the ramming of the Essex, it was more of a story of the hardships faced, the dedication that comes with the job of whaling, and the raw emotions of the men involved. This novel proved the importance of whaling in that time period to not only Nantucket but to the entire Nation, and how it foreshadowed how our economy would be today.Lastly to end with the mission of the Nantucket Quakers â€Å"†¦to maintain a peaceful life on land while raising bloody havoc at sea. † This was their life, their survival and it now is their history. Works Cited James Oakes, Michael Mcgerr, Jan Ellen Lewis, Nick Cullather, Jeanne Boydston. â€Å"Of the People: A history of the United States. † New York: Oxford University Press. Nathaniel Philbrick. â€Å"In the heart of the sea:The tradgedy of the Whaleship Essex† New York: Penguin Books, 2000.

Percy Jackson and the Olympians Essay

I have chosen to build a temple for Poseidon in the city-state of Athens. The reason this temple is in Athens is because according to the Greek myth on the website Mr. Donn, the contest of Poseidon and Athena, the two gods compete to prove they are worthy of guarding that city-state. Athena gets the honor to guard that city-state because Poseidon thinks her gift is much better than his, but still is unhappy. To show his unhappiness, he flooded Athens. So, to show thanks to allowing her to be their guardian, I made this temple in honor of Poseidon. Additionally, Poseidon likes receiving temples and gifts from the city-states, especially the coastal city-states, like Athens, since those are closer to his true royal underwater palace. In this temple made especially for Poseidon, I have included some features that would be found in his royal underwater palace. This includes the decorative columns, fountains, and shells to add decoration to his palace above water. In the model of the temple and the drawing, I focused on only one room, the most important room to Poseidon. In this room, there is Poseidon’s throne, his Trident’s holder and a royal fountain with sparkling blue water. He has a view of the city-state of Athens, and of the Aegean Sea. Poseidon will truly be pleased by this temple for many reasons. First of all, he will be pleased because the temple is on a peninsula where he can gaze out to the Aegean Sea. At the same time, he will still be close enough to Mount Olympus so he can travel faster when needed at a meeting of the council of gods. Also, Poseidon will be able to have a private place where he can map out what city-states he still has to take guard over. This would be important to him because he wants to be the guard of the most city-states to prove he’s the mightiest.

The implications for Theory Y Essay Example

The implications for Theory Y Essay Example The implications for Theory Y Essay The implications for Theory Y Essay Also including hygiene factors such as: 1. Pay and benefits 2. Company policy 3. Supervision 4. Job security 5. Working conditions Tesco uses each of these factors in order to motivate its staff by delegating responsibility and decision making which will help to improve the communication within the business and ensure staff are working to the best of their ability. Although by following these factors no social needs are looked into which can be important within a large business such as Tesco.The McGregor theory implies that workers are one of two types which are labelled theory X which include: 1. Individuals who dislike work and avoid it where possible 2. Individuals who lack ambition, dislike responsibility and prefer to be led 3. Individuals who desire security For Theory X workers in order to achieve organisational objectives, a business would need to include a management system, control and correct penalties where needed.And Theory Y workers can be described as: 1. Consider effort at work as just like rest or play 2. Ordinary people who do not dislike work. Depending on the working conditions, work could be considered a source of satisfaction or punishment 3. Individuals who seek responsibility The implications for Theory Y workers are that to achieve organisational objectives, various rewards can be used to motivate workers. Although in order for the workers to show development the workplace must create a working environment.The McGregor theory is used within Tesco by providing a management system for workers on the shop floor by offering one to one talks with their own sector manager which will help to establish objectives for their work and also gives the employees a chance to express any enquiries they may have about their job. The next theory I will look at is the McClelland theory which suggests that there are three main types of motivational needs: 1. The need for achievement 2. The need for authority and power 3. The need for affiliation.Tesco makes use of this theory as each employee and manager has differencing levels of needs, and this influences them within their working environment. Tesco do this by ensuring all employees feel a part of a group and a part of the company, this can be achieved by giving employees responsibility to complete tasks and also have a chance at promotion. The final theory I will explore is the Vroom theory which proposes that employees will work harder if they can see that the overall outcome of their work will benefit them more.This is shown using a formula that can be used to show how motivated someone is like ly to be. Tesco are able to use this by offering greater rewards for the work that their employees complete, which may include additional discounts on all areas of the company such as food and electronics and also offering their employees’ private health memberships.

Be Different. 9 Easy Tips to Standout from Others

Be Different. 9 Easy Tips to Standout from Others Be Different. 9 Easy Tips to Standout from Others A great number of articles and psychological investigations are dedicated to the issue of personality traits. However, life’s circumstances as well as typical problems somehow make people all look very much the same. Individuals tend to lose confidence, get easily bewildered and misled. At times, it may even seem that many lose their identity. However, the ability to stand out and achieve personal and professional success greatly depends on the power of one’s spirit coupled with certain personality traits. So, how do you demonstrate your originality without showing off and looking stupid or arrogant? First, self-awareness is important. Know what you want and how you are going to get it. You should be able to set goals and plan how to achieve those goals. Here are some tips on how to be different from others while highlighting your gifts and natural abilities that lead to success. Tip 1. Maintain confidence that you can be successful. First, think in positive terms about your ability to succeed. Avoiding self-doubt and thinking positively increases your chances of becoming successful. Every time you think about good things, like success and prosperity, you will attract them into your life as if you were a magnet. Try this. It works! Tip 2. Stay positive and optimistic. Staying positive and optimistic in ordinary everyday situations is very important as the power of positive thinking can help remove obstacles, making hardships much easier to deal with! Having a positive attitude helps with your level of energy. In addition, you are less likely to accept the situation as it is and more likely to problem-solve if you think something can be done about it. Tip 3. Be well-organized. Your emotional disposition is truly essential. So, pay special attention to the way you arrange your time, address everyday concerns, and plan meetings. Make sure you use your time effectively so that every moment of your life is used in the best possible way. Keep in mind there are no unimportant periods of time or insignificant breaks in terms of ones determination to experience true success! Tip 4. Complete each step in the best possible way. Famous actors often say that There are no minor roles, only minor actors. To apply this idea to everyday life could be interpreted as the need to do any job you have in the best possible way, no matter how unimportant this job may seem, whether delivering the mail, babysitting, or walking someones dog. All actions are important, and a job well-done will continue to pay you in the future through your reputation and recommendations from others. A capable and diligent attitude toward even the smallest and insignificant tasks will develop a professional approach to everything that may come your way in the future. Tip 5. Master communication skills. The ability to communicate effectively with other people can lead to fruitful collaborations. Its impossible to achieve your goals without help from others. Moreover, people eagerly socialize and work with those who have good communicative skills, a willingness to compromise, and respect for other’s opinions (Vail, 2013). Tip 6. Practice the idea of continuing education and strong emotional stamina. Getting involved in the process of self-improvement will keep you on the cutting edge. It will provide you with a fundamental advantage over your competitors with relevant knowledge, experience, and skills. Increasing your emotional stamina is vital. You must be able to reject the emotional pressure from those whose main intention is to discourage you. Often, these individuals are insecure in their own abilities and so they seek to pull you down in an attempt to appear superior to you. Tip 7. Pay attention to your manners and project a positive self-image. The statement that People are likely to treat you the way you treat them works equally well both in business and in personal relationships. Try to be polite on every occasion. Respond in a timely fashion and professional manner to e-mail messages and phone calls. Make your friends, relatives and colleagues feel that you respect them and their points of view. Stress their importance in your life (Vail, 2013). Tip 8. Dont get discouraged by mishaps. No one is perfect. Mishaps occur for everyone, with no exceptions! Learn to take your failures as a significant part of practical experience. Wise people say that Experience is the best teacher. Regardless of whether the experience is positive or negative, you can benefit from the experience. Make good use of it! Tip 9. Stay focused on your goals. Always keep your goals in mind. Choose no more than 3 long-term goals at a time. This number is enough for major projects. Avoid suddenly changing your goals. The ability to concentrate on your aim is likely to sharpen your spirit and build a persistent, strongly-motivated and, thus, successful personality. All these tips are good for helping you to stand out from others and moving toward your aims, making your dreams come true. Be yourself by cultivating the best traits you have. In addition, remain calm and goal-oriented, friendly, and easy-going. Also, demonstrate enthusiasm and let the success and prosperity you deserve enter your life!

Reflection for movie Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflection for movie - Essay Example The Invisible War shows that such an assumption is not only false; it is horribly skewed by the media and the government itself because rape continues to be endemic to the army and unresolved enough to persist up to the present without any definite solutions for its prevention and remediation. The film demonstrates the irony between the image and the reality of female soldiers. The film starts with a patriotic song and testimonies of women, who dreamt of being soldiers, of serving their country and feeling pride in doing so. That is the ideal image. The reality is shattered when all of these women, once idealistic and patriotic, declared that they were all raped, not just once, but many times, in the army. It does not matter if they served in the Coast Guard, the Navy, the Army, or the Air Force. It does not matter where they where during their service. These women, who wanted to serve their country so sincerely and genuinely, were raped not long after starting their services. The U. S. government and the army want to send the image that they are gender-sensitive by hiring women, but they do not protect their rights and interests at all. With rape so pervasive in the army, it is a shame that they even hire women whom they cannot protect. The media and the government are in it, in hiding and undermining the invisible war, because rape continues to rise and prevention and remediation measures are barely accessible to the victims. ... Cioca’s broken jaw from the rape she experienced needs immediate surgery, but one year after her complaint, she does not get the financial support she needs. It is heartbreaking how, as a victim, the government either forgot her or consciously wants to forget about her. I do not want to think about conspiracy- that the government is purposely trying to kill these veteran soldiers who reported about rape that involved their superiors or peers. But when Cioca talked about the medicine that the government gave her, which when combined are lethal and already killed other vets, I am now doubtful of the motives of the government. If the government cared enough for these women, why not give them the therapy and resources they need to move on with their lives, aside from putting their rapists behind bars for their entire lifetime? None of these is happening. Why? The government and the army work together in perpetuating a patriarchal world, where women are still seen as sexual objects , as commodities that can be raped and thrown aside. Instead of offering laws, measures, and controls that will provide justice and support for the victims and that will prevent rape in the army, the government only offers empty promises to those who are raped. Patriarchy is not dead. It is in the government that is blind and deaf to the support and justice needed by raped veteran soldiers. It is in the army that does not provide proactive measures to stop rape and other justice and financial support services and resources for the rape victims. Patriarchy is alive. It must be killed. And we must wage an all-out war against it before another one of our valiant female soldiers get raped. Crying for Women that Others Do Not Cry for in No Woman, No Cry Christy Turlington

Macroeconomics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Macroeconomics - Research Paper Example This in turn influences the supply of money in the market. b) TRUE: Increased competition in the product market could cause an increase in the equilibrium rate of unemployment. When there is increased competition, firms sell products. The reduction in selling prices forces firms to reduce their production cost through reduction of their labour requirements. Therefore increases level of unemployment. c) TRUE: Fiscal policy includes taxation and government expenditure. Investment is function of saving. Government can induce public spending through public investment. If the government investment is a constant figure, then the only option is to manipulate tax. In this situation the tax increase or decrease can only increase the government expenditure which is exogenous. Thus no effect on national saving. IS curve-It combines the equilibrium levels where the commodity market is at equilibrium. If interest rates go pup, then the gross domestic product (GDP) goes down. If interest rates go down, the level of GDP goes up .. Investment is function of saving. Government can induce public spending through public investment. If the government investment is a constant figure, then the only option is to manipulate tax. In this situation the tax increase or decrease can only increase the government expenditure which is exogenous. Thus no effect on national saving. I=f(s) Where I; investment and S is national saving. d) TRUE: Multiplier effect is the effect of a change in investment on income 'Y'. It was true that if consumption and investment are exogenous the Keynesian multiplier equals one Question three If there is an increase in deposits of bank reserves will lead to less money supply. IS curve-It combines the equilibrium levels where the commodity market is at equilibrium. If interest rates go pup, then the gross domestic product (GDP) goes down. If interest rates go down, the level of GDP goes up LM curve- it joins together combinations of the rate of interest and national income at which the monetary sector is at equilibrium. IS curve - Joins the combinations of rate of interest and levels of income at which the product market is at equilibrium. Factors that cause a shift in LM curve are a) Change in transaction demand for money b) Change in the speculative demand for money c) Change in the money supply An increase in money supply will shift the LM curve to the right. A decrease shifts the LM curve to the left. In our case where there is a decrease in money supply, we expect the LM curve shift to the left. In the short run Effects of decreased money supply. From the above graph, it is evident that the rate of interest goes up from ie to i1. The level of output also goes down from Ye to Yi. The inflation level also goes up due to an increase

English class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

English class - Essay Example articles and journals that support this motion while drawing reference to The Constitution of the United States of America and supports the idea that the drinking age ought to be lowered. The National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 highlights the ethical benefits of setting the minimum drinking age of the American population at 21. Although some states have completely instituted a ban on the consumption, purchase and handling of drinks to the minimum age required, others allow them although under tight restrictions. The national law in specific requires all state laws to prohibit public possession of alcoholic beverages by minors. However, the public possession law does not apply to possession of beverages in religious functions, while in the company of adults and parents who are older than 21 years. The law also does not term it as a crime when a medical practitioner such as a physician, doctor or nurse prescribes an alcoholic drink to a patient. It is also not illegal for a minor to possess and consume alcoholic beverages in a private function. Some observers point out the illogic of the age according to decision making process. Constitutionally, any person who h as attained the age of 18 is regarded as an adult and has a right to vote in national elections. An adult according to the law is a person who can make informed decisions and be accountable to the government. There should be no special application of the bill of rights to this class of people when it comes to drinking laws. An adult is an adult, so long as constitutionally one is perceived to be capable of making informed judgments. Thus, the law ought to be repealed to lower the age to 18. According to Zimmer and Hatch (n.p.), the law prohibiting the sale and consumption of alcoholic drinks to persons of 18 years has failed. Many arguments have been raised on the impracticability of the issue. Zimmer and Hatch, (n.p.) compares the alcohol related problems of America and the united kingdom and comes

The object of grammar Essay Example for Free

The object of grammar Essay Two types of grammar: normative, theoretical. Two parts of grammar: morphology, syntax. Grammar is a branch of Linguistics which studies the grammatical structure of language. The grammatical structure covers the rules of changing words and rules of arranging the forms of words into phrases and sentences. Grammar may study the gr. Structure of a language in different aspects. So? We distinguish: historical grammar which describes the str. of words, phrases, sentences in the process of their historical development; comparative gr. which deals with comparison of gr. systems of different languages; descriptive gr. analyses the gr. system of a language as it exists at a certain period of time. Grammar is divided into 2 types: Normative and Theoretical. Normative (Practical) Grammar gives rules how to build correct forms of words and syntactical constructions. It teaches to write and speak correctly. Theoretical (Scientific) Grammar describes the language as a system, studies the components of that system and relations between them. Theoretical gr. explains and analyses the most difficult phenomena of a language. It gives different concepts of these phenomena and helps linguists to be guided in linguistic literature in order to form a certain opinion of this or that theoretical form. Grammar is divided also into 2 parts: Morphology and Syntax. Morphology is a part of Grammar which studies the most characteristic features of classes of words. These classes are called parts of speech. Morphology studies not a single word, but the whole classes. Syntax is a part of Grammar which studies phrases and sentences, their structure, classification and combinations. Syntax is a system of 2 levels-that of phrases, that of sentences. It may be said that, in a way, morphology is more abstract than syntax, as it does not study connections between words actually used together in sentences, but connections between forms actually found in different sentences. In another way, however, morphology would appear to be less abstract than syntax, as it studies units of a smaller and more compact kind, whereas syntax deals with larger units, whose types and varieties are hard to number.

How to Create a Bug :: Viruses Computers Technology Essays

How to Create a Bug ATTR newbie on items for sale ? hair item nebie status is lost ? with client 3.0, does a .sleep then walks, and it generates hair tiles, did a .set flags 4 to freeze him and he insta-died.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  then when i ressed him he kept his death shroud. port 3593 for the accounts ? no sparring for a long time before goin to war is frustrating but can be handled but resignin towns and loggin off need changes. 1 resigning - a person can resign a town while you are attacking him then call the guards on you or what happened to me last night i killed a guy i let him live after than he resigned his town few minutes later he walked close by me and my char auto attacked him i got guardwhacked(can we say insane?) 2 often when you start killing someone in town they will log off making their char disappear(whats the point to war if they just log off to be safe?) ps guys that make a wad of bears THEN join a town and attack you needs fixed also means if you are gonna be safe you need to take out the bears of everyone around you incase they do join the town thats a fast way to make people mad for no reason  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   if you double click your axe, and then on a tree it says something like   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  'try chopping a tree' after numerous trys all over the globe,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I found that if you chop at a tree with your daggar (make some kindling! WHOOHOOO!)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  you can then chop the tree with your axe, afterwards. Hope this helps anybody else   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  who's having trouble with this! @INPVAL for a simple value input ! console - turn Off logging, you cant turn it on 3) Provocation still :) 4) A function's for skill menus to got a dialog spider webs people get stuck in dont time out, they are stuck forever started .ACCOUNT ADDMAIL name email when taking too much alcohol all your stats goto 0, and you need to kill yourself to get them back. Any keyword to turn that off in the ini? TEST - saving house region tags house 4270 skill to gump ? wack = fail speelll for npc;'s keyword to route skill creat to gumps MAKEITEM replication for shafts? jail return point = TAG.JAILRETURN log out while sleeping. There's also some problem with healing animals with bandages (veterinary). When you start healing them it keeps on healing at a quick rate, as if you were holding down "last object / last target" macro button

Journey To The Remnants of Early Christian and Byzantine Era Essay

For this cultural trip, we are going to traverse two continents namely, Asia and Europe. The places we are going to visit are representations of the art style during the period of early Christian and Byzantine which is characterized by the â€Å"love of beauty, orderly symmetry, and artistic form, in poetic conceptions and exuberance of imagination. † Also, it was during this period that Christianity flourished which influenced the supremacy of architecture (Oldandsold. com â€Å"Early Christian and Byzantine Sculpture†). Europe and Middle East are the regions where early Christian and Byzantine Art reached its peak. To get a closer glimpse of the beauty and to fully appreciate the aesthetic of this period, we are going to Israel, Turkey and Italy (See Illustration 9). In these countries, we will be seeing the different architectural prowess left by the early Christian and Byzantine era. We will be visiting the following landmarks: The Hagia Sophia Church and the Byzantine Hippodrome which are both located in Istanbul, Turkey (See Illustrations 1 and 2), Church of Holy Sepulcher and the Temple of King Herod which are both located at Jerusalem, Israel (See Illustrations 3 and 4), and Sant’ Apolinare in Classe and San Vitale which are both situated at Ravenna, Italy (See Illustrations 5 and 6), and Santa Sabina and St. John Lateran which are both located in Rome, Italy (See Illustrations 7 and8). Hagia Sophia Church was a former place of worship which turned into a museum that showcased the Golden Age of the Byzantine period. This architectural gem is designed with an extensive orange interior and a vast exquisite interior. Visitors can feast their eyes on the â€Å"Arabic calligraphic writings from the Ottoman empire, green and purple columns,† vibrant stain-colored glasses and intricate mosaics which are all over the place (Guideistanbul. net â€Å"Hagia Sophia Church†). Meanwhile, the Byzantine Hippodrome used to be the heart of politics and sports at the height of the Ottoman regime. Presently, this landmark had been transformed into a city park and was renamed as At Meydani which means Horse Grounds. A variety of structures can be seen in this place such as the â€Å"3,500 year old Egyptian Obelisk of Theodosius, spiral bronze base of a three-headed serpent sculpture, temple-like fountain constructed by Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany and the Milion, zero-mile-marker at Mese which is the road between Rome and Constantinople† (Turkeytravelplanner. com â€Å"Byzantine Hippodrome, Istanbul†). Now, let us go to Israel. The first stop would be at Church of Holy Sepulcher. This is a Christian church erected on the area where Jesus was crucified and buried. Many have visited this place for pilgrimage and it â€Å"remains the holiest Christian site in the world. † The church is ornamented with crusader facades, â€Å"ancient crosses carved on staircases,† â€Å"Greek Orthodox Cavalry. † Another interesting fact about this place is that many believe that this is the location of the â€Å"actual tomb of Christ† (Sacred-Destinations. com â€Å"Church of Holy Sepulcher, Jerusalem†). On the other hand, the Temple of King Herod had undergone two renovations. When the Second Temple was ruined, only the Western or Wailing Wall remained which is now deemed to be the â€Å"holiest prayer site for the Jews. † This site is also believed to be the place where Abraham offered Isaac, his son to God (Peck â€Å"King Herod’s temple quarry unearthed†). After Israel, let us now move to Italy. In Classe, a suburb in Ravenna, the Sant’ Apolinare Church can be found wherein the â€Å"mosaics in aspe is the main attraction. † Another church in Ravenna is San Vitale. It is considered the predecessor of the Hagia Sophia which was built 10 years before when the Roman regime was dwindling. â€Å"The series of arches, interlocking spaces, and mosaics† are some of the major features of this establishment that makes San Vitale an enticing place (VirtualTourist. com â€Å"Ravenna Travel Guide†). More so, Santa Sabina is regarded as the most prominent symbol of an early Christian church in the city of Rome. People go to this site to see the 5th century doors with carvings of biblical scenes, â€Å"two dozen Corinthian columns,† and a mosaic tomb from the year 1300 (Sacred-Destinations. com â€Å"Santa Sabina, Rome†). Another early Christian architecture in Rome is the Basilica of St. John Lateran. This structure is the â€Å"Cathedral of Bishop of Rome. † The â€Å"two-storied portico at the faced,† numerous statues of saints and Jesus Christ, â€Å"Roman central bronze doors,† â€Å"cosmatesque pavement in the nave† and â€Å"the graceful baldacchio at the altar are the highlight features of this magnificent architecture (Sacred-Destinations. com â€Å"St. John Lateran, Rome†). Works Cited â€Å"Byzantine Hippodrome, Istanbul. † 2008. Turkeytravelplanner. com. 31 July 2008 . â€Å"Church of Holy Sepulcher, Jerusalem. † 2008. Sacred-Destinations. com. 31 July 2008 . â€Å"Early Christian And Byzantine Sculpture. † 1896. Oldandsold. com. 31 July 2008 . â€Å"Hagia Sophia Church. † 2008. Guideistanbul. net. 31 July 2008 . Peck, Sally. â€Å"King Herod’s temple quarry unearthed. † 25 September 2007. Telegraph. co. uk. 31 July 2008 . â€Å"Ravenna Travel Guide. † 2008. VirtualTourist. com. 1 August 2008 < http://www. virtualtourist. com/travel/Europe/Italy/Emilia_Romagna/Ravenna-145052/Things_To_Do-Ravenna-Churches-BR-5. html>. â€Å"Santa Sabina, Rome. † 2008. Sacred-Destinations. com. 1 August 2008 . â€Å"St. John Lateran, Rome. † 2008. Sacred-Destinations. com. 1 August 2008 .