Thursday, April 23, 2020
How to Choose Global Regent Thematic Essay Topics
How to Choose Global Regent Thematic Essay Topics How to Find Global Regent Thematic Essay Topics on the Web If you don't find out how to compose a thematic essay, there's always a means out we can write an essay for you. Congratulations it appears like you've received your initial thematic essay assignment! If you don't find out how to plan your work, consider writing a thematic essay that is easy concerning the outline. Now you know how to ease your work in regards to writing a thematic essay, it's time to determine how you are able to write one fast. The next matter to discuss is the best way to compose a thematic essay. The only issue is that you need to find out how to compose a thematic essay. Paragraph 1should introduce any references that will be utilized in your paper. Opening it needs to set up the whole paper and should inform your reader on the topic they will discuss. The very first paragraph of your writing ought to be a brief introduction. Following that, choose a strong thesis statement. The 5-Minute Rule for Global Regent Thematic Essay Topics In the world where everyone is connected globally via the web, the sensation of private engagement on the planet history is exceptionally important. The essay body is the principal part. The main mission of the web is to make a platform for communicating with people from the full world. There are some young men sprinkled in the group, and they're able to move. Global Regent Thematic Essay Topics Options Based on the length and requirements, these paragraphs should also supply great personal comprehension of topic and show an exhaustive reading portfolio. Preparing an outline is easily the most significant prewriting step. Outline structure always remains unchanged and ought to be approached the same manner every time. Conduct some analysis to demonstrate your theory and explain your most important claims. Make certain that all questions were answered. These topics deliver general summary of question types that may come up in Regent Exams. It is a kind of writing which is centered on investigating a specific topic of discussion and analyzing different facets of the exact same subject. Again, the best method to acquire exceptional worldwide regents thematic essay topics is to ask for fast assistance from an academic writing company. Whatever They Told You About Global Regent Thematic Essay Topics Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why Analyze the question, define precisely what is being asked before starting to write. You should have your r easons, and our primary concern is that you find yourself getting an excellent grade. If you are thinking about where to get this kind of example that's also original, you've arrived at the most suitable spot. The important challenge comes from how the search for the appropriate and intriguing subject is in fact tough. The very first paragraph needs to have a tangible link to all others. You have to answer every one of the questions utilizing the info supplied in the matching document. Simply visit our official website to learn more details. Examine these rules about picking out the topic. Writing an effective essay demands careful attention to detail and capacity to organize your thoughts concerning the major subject of your research. This approach helps both the reader and the writer to comprehend the issue thoroughly. Your purpose is to write a succinct review of the job you've already done to produce clear each point that is quite significant for your paper. In the f ollowing article, you will understand the reason why this writing way is useful for students together with read good ideas for topics. For example, you will need an outline. By creating an amazing outline, you are going to have an exemplary skeleton to which to add relevant content. It will act as a very good template for your writing and provide you hints during the entire process. So as to compose a masterpiece, it's important to follow along with a particular workflow with many stages. Choosing our service, you are going to realize that studying can be simple if you gain from the aid of capable experts. At this time, however, we're a joyful group. As a consequence, many students utilize the help of special on-line services. The Hidden Gem of Global Regent Thematic Essay Topics Nowadays you don't need to spend hours learning about the kind of paper that you want to prepare. Use the chapter exams as a pre-assessment to figure out your weak spots, then conserve time by wo rking through only the lessons you want. The teacher evaluation procedure is ridiculous. You may select a subject that appears to be relevant. Though it has a number of similarities with other essay types, there are a few significant differences too. Commonly, the thematic essay is connected with social problems in distinct periods of human civilization. There is a huge number of topics which can be utilized to compose impressive parts of academic writing. Since you may see, the structure is comparable to other essay types.
Getting the Right Guidance With a Compass Test Essay Sample
Getting the Right Guidance With a Compass Test Essay SampleA Compass Test Essay Sample will help your study and preparation. It's the perfect means to improve your reading skills and to get better grades. With the Compass Test Essay Sample, you can go through your essay's thinking that you're writing from your heart is yours. Let this guide you through your essays.There are two types of essays, you can either choose a classic one or a modern one. Choosing a classic one will be more comfortable for you to write and it's less stressful. This will ensure that you will be able to write well because you have familiarity with the content.In studying for your essays, try to read all the books that you have read on the topic. You need to keep in mind that you need to understand how the materials in the texts are used in the original writings. The way you go about writing depends on the kind of material and the type of readers. You should be able to understand the way people think in order to write well.You must be fully aware of the content in order to succeed when writing an essay. For example, in the Compass Test Essay Sample, you will need to know all the topics before going to write your essays. It's wise to get a comprehensive background. Your compass test essay sample is an excellent tool to start learning the right ideas.The first step of the Compass Test Writing Guide is to identify what content and writing styles are in order to write a good article. Keep in mind that the Compass Test Writing Guide is supposed to equip you to write well and learn the way how the writers do their work. You will need to make notes when you are already writing so that you will be able to read the essay later and you will be able to identify the problems.The Compass Test Essay Sample allows you to see how good you are in writing and in editing. You will have to be extra careful while editing your essays. It will help you to review your work in order to correct the mistakes. The Co mpass Test Writing Guide will guide you in making your own corrections and it will make you find the missing words in your articles.The Compass Test Essay Sample will help you write your essay using proper grammar. You should be able to use the correct format and you should know how to use correct sentence structure. If you need to know more tips for writing essays, then you can get the Compass Test Essay Sample.It will be helpful for you to know the Compass Test Writing Guide for those who are studying for the test. Once you've finished the Compass Test Essay Sample, you will be able to read better, edit better and write better. This will help you learn a lot and it will also help you to get high grades.
Thursday, April 9, 2020
Stone Cold Essays - WWE Hall Of Fame, , Term Papers
Stone Cold Stone Cold is a 4 time wwf champion, 2 time intercontinental champion, and 3 time tag team champion. He is also a 1996 king of the ring and 1998 royal rumble winner. Stone Cold is a great athlete and he has changed all wrestling fans all over. Ever since he entered the ring in Milwaukee, for the 1996 King of the Ring, he never could have imagined how he changed the wwf. After beating Jake ''The Snake'' Roberts to become the king of the ring, Austin accepted his crown, and after that he informed Jake that ''Austin 3:16 says I just whooped your a$$!'' With this simple phrase Stone Cold became the most popular superstar ever in wwf history. Some of stone cold companions said that he is a suicidal machine with lack of respect, rules, and authority. You can't deny that stone cold won't stop kicking but. Every time he steps through the ropes he will right lots more chapters to his story.
Monday, March 9, 2020
Were Romeo and Juliet Truly in Love Essay Example
Were Romeo and Juliet Truly in Love Essay Example Were Romeo and Juliet Truly in Love Paper Were Romeo and Juliet Truly in Love Paper Essay Topic: Romeo and Juliet Love is a universal language that may be interpreted in several different ways. According to St. Paul, the criteria stated in the bible passage 1 Corinthians 13:4-7 must be followed in order for one to have true love. In William Shakespeareââ¬â¢s classical tragedy of Romeo and Juliet, love is the dominant theme; Romeo and Julietââ¬â¢s romantic love being the most significant. This story revolves around the fast-paced relationship between Romeo, the young heir of the Montagues and Juliet, the daughter of the Capulets. Because of an ancient feud amongst the two families, Romeo and Juliet are forced to keep their relationship hidden causing their love to end in just a matter of days. St. Paulââ¬â¢s standard of love defines itself to be: patient, truthful and honest. Love is patient, love is kind. It does not envy, it does not boast, it is not proud. It does not dishonor others, it is not self-seeking, it is not easily angered, it keeps no record of wrongs. Love does not delight in evil but rejoices with the truth. It always protects, always trusts, always hopes, always perseveres. (1 Corinthians 13:4-7) The above quote is a very specific description of love according to St. Paul. Although Romeo and Juliet have one of the most iconic love stories to date, it is often wondered if their love lived up to its reputation and the question still remains as to if they were ever truly in love. Based on the standards specified in 1 Corinthians 13:4-7, Romeo and Juliet were not in love because they did not practice patience, they dishonored their families and friends, and they were egotistical. The virtue of patience was not demonstrated in the relationship between Romeo and Juliet. At the beginning of the play, Romeo is heartbroken over a girl named Rosaline who does not share mutual feelings for him; however, as soon as he sees Juliet he loses all of the emotions he has for Rosaline and they immediately fall in love. After Romeo and Julietââ¬â¢s second encounter that night, they exchange vows of affection and Romeo insists that they get married even though Juliet is skeptical. She says, ââ¬Å"Although I joy in thee, I have no joy of this contract tonight. It is too rash, too unadvisââ¬â¢d, too suddenâ⬠(Act II: ii: 116-118); however, Romeo is eager to have her hand in marriage and asks, ââ¬Å"O wit thou leave me so unsatisfied?â⬠(Act II: ii: 125). If Romeo had truly loved Juliet he would have been enduring and waited until she was fully prepared to exchange her vows with him. Juliet also does not follow Paulââ¬â¢s criteria that states one must have patience. This is shown in the following quote where she insists that Romeo professes his love for her or she will be upset. Dost thou love me? I know thou wilt say ââ¬Å"Ay,â⬠And I will take thy word; yet if thou swearââ¬â¢st Thou mayst prove false: at lovers perjuries, They say, Jove laughs. O gentle Romeo, If thou dost love, pronounce it faithfully. Or if thou thinkââ¬â¢st I am too quickly won, Iââ¬â¢ll frown and be perverse and say thee nay, So thou wilt woo, but else not for the world. (Act II:ii:90-97) If Juliet had been truly in love with Romeo she would have waited for their relationship to progress and not insisted that he professed his love for her. Juliet shows that she must have her own way and does not show patience. In addition, St. Paul states that love ââ¬Å"does not dishonor othersâ⬠. In this play, Romeo and Juliet are forced to defy their loved ones wishes in order to be together which essentially leads to the dishonor of both family and friends. In the following quote Juliet wants Romeo to deny his family for her love and if he will not so do, she will no longer be a Capulet if he solely swears that he loves her. O Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo? Deny thy father and refuse thy name; Or, if thou wilt not, be but sworn my love, And Iââ¬â¢ll no longer be a Capulet. (Act II:ii:33-36) Romeo also defies his loved ones when he abandons his friends Mercutio and Benvolio to go see Juliet outside of the Capuletââ¬â¢s orchard. Even though Romeo hears their calls he does not respond. Frustrated and annoyed, Mercutio begins to tease Romeo but Romeo only responds to himself saying, ââ¬Å"He jests at scars that never felt a woundâ⬠, meaning that Mercutioââ¬â¢s opinion does not matter because he has never been wounded. Not only does Romeo dishonor his family and friends, but he also disobeys his ruler, Prince Escales. Romeo is exiled from the city of Verona after he kills a Capulet named Tybalt. The Prince proclaims that if Romeo is seen within the city, he shall be murdered; however, he takes the risk and visits Juliet. He is willing to disregard the orders of the Prince and put his life in danger in order to stay with Juliet for one more night. In Act III: IV: 17-18, he says to Juliet, ââ¬Å"Let me be tane, let me be put to death, I am content, so thou wilt have it so.â⬠Furthermore, Romeo and Julietââ¬â¢s love was self-seeking. Neither Romeo nor Juliet takes into consideration the harm that they may cause by getting married, given the fact that their families are sworn enemies. Not only did their relationship end in their own deaths but it also contributed to the deaths of others. Romeo demonstrates a selfish behavior when he continues to pursue Juliet despite the fact that he was putting his life and the lives of his family in danger. For example, Romeoââ¬â¢s mother, Lady Montague dies of grief because of her sonââ¬â¢s exile. This is learned in Act V: iii: 210-211 when Montague announces ââ¬Å"Alas, my liege, my wife is dead tonight; Grief of my sonââ¬â¢s exile hath stoppââ¬â¢d her breathâ⬠Another scene where Romeo exhibits selfishness is when he hears the news of Julietââ¬â¢s death. He does not take time to think about the situation; instead, he immediately decides to commit suicide. He disregards the advice of his servant Balthasar who advises him to have patience. Instead Romeo says ââ¬Å"Well, Juliet, I will lie with thee tonight. Letââ¬â¢s see for means. O mischief, thou art swift to enter in the thoughts of desperate men!â⬠(Act V: i: 34-36). Had he been levelheaded and evaluated the situation at hand, he could have talked to Friar Laurence and discovered the truth. Instead he thought solely of himself, and as a result both his and Julietââ¬â¢s lives ended tragically. Juliet also shows acts of selfishness when she fakes her own death. She is so self-absorbed that she does not think to discuss the matter with her parents and neglects to consider their opinions. She only thinks about how she feels and not of how her family and friends feel. If her parents had disagreed with her decisions to be with Romeo she could have left and lived how she pleased. In conclusion, it is clear that Romeo and Julietââ¬â¢s relationship did not follow the criteria stated in St. Paulââ¬â¢s description of what true love is. They decided to live for each otherââ¬â¢s love but died for it too. Perhaps if they had been more patient, honorable and thoughtful, they could have had a long-lasting relationship. Romeo and Juliet were so concerned about each other that they did not bother to consider the consequences of their actions and the effect it would have on their lives and on the lives of their loved ones. Because their love was selfish, impatient and self-centered, it did not follow the criteria of love and they did not have true love based on the description St. Paul provides in 1 Corinthians 13:4-7.
Saturday, February 22, 2020
Prisons in the united states Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Prisons in the united states - Research Paper Example Furthermore, new policies on combating drug trafficking have contributed to the rise in incarceration rates significantly. Similarly, the public demand tougher actions from the criminal justice system. There is overrepresentation of people of color in American criminal justice system (parole, jail, probation). According to Clear, Cole & Reisig (2008, p.471), ââ¬Å"African American men are imprisoned in United States at a rate more than three times higher than white males.â⬠In addition, male population under the criminal justice system is higher than female population. The prison system in the US, especially in relation to mass imprisonment has led to collapse of the family units, as parents get imprisoned leaving behind their children. Indeed, the number of single parent householders has increased due to incarceration. Thus, this paper will compare the rate of incarceration in America and other countries, explore the factors contributing to mass imprisonment, significance of g ender and race in criminal justice system, and addresses cultural implication of mass imprisonment, conditions of confinement and what we can learn about the American society from the way it treats its prisoners. Describe the rate of incarceration in the U.S. ... According to Conrad (2005, p. 223), ââ¬Å"the rate of incarceration for the United States is 702 for every 100,000 American citizens, the highest rates in the World.â⬠Indeed, the rate of incarceration in the United States is 5-6 times more than other industrialized countries (Mauer, 2003, p.3). The graph below illustrates the incarceration rates in US in comparison with other countries. Source: Mauer, M., (2003). Comparative International Rates of Incarceration: An Examination of Causes and Trends. http://www.sentencingproject.org/doc/publications/inc_comparative_intl.pdf Besides, America reports more cases of violent crimes than other industrialized countries. Why does the United States lead other industrialized nations in mass imprisonment? The United States leads other industrialized nations in mass incarceration level due to high numbers of violent crimes, porous borders with Mexico, which inflates drugs trafficking, racial turmoil, criminal justice policies, and degradati on of social safety net. In addition, the criminal justice system incarcerates more minor offenders than other nations. Essentially, a large percentage of incarcerated person in the US are put behind due to drug and substance trafficking. Other countries do not impose stringent laws prohibiting drugs trafficking; hence, they have fewer inmates on trafficking grounds. Thus, the Americaââ¬â¢s measure to combat drug trafficking has led to more incarcerated persons serving longer sentences. Similarly, there is a higher rate of violent crimes related to drugs cartels in America in comparison with other countries. The US criminal justice system is also influenced by democracy; primarily, courts judges, prosecutors are elected, and hence they are subject to public
Wednesday, February 5, 2020
Financial Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 3
Financial Management - Essay Example Due to the soaring or not-for-profit organizations, there has been the need for the implementation of financial management mechanisms to ensure that grants of funds from donors are used for their intended purposes. To ensure this, these organizations ought to create a budget indicating all the activities they intend to do and how much these activities would cost. Subsequently, rules and regulations should be set to govern how funds are used. There are regulatory bodies in every country whose main objective is to assess whether not-for-profit organizations comply with legal and ethical standards related to management. Not-for-profit organizations get their funds from individual donors, institutional donors, and even governments. For-profit organizations, on the other hand, get their funds from investors. In performance evaluation, a tool referred to a balanced scorecard is used to evaluate performance based on clients perspectives, financial perspectives, learning perspective, and als o on the basis of internal processes or procedures. One of the recommendations is the adoption of this tool in financial evaluating performance and implement strategies to ensure compliance. Subsequently, it is also important to have a clear vision for the organization in order to ensure funds are used for their intended purposes. . To effectively understand and comprehend these issues, it is of significance to define a nonprofit organization as well as a for-profit organization. A for-profit organization can be referred to as a commercial entity of organization. In other words, this main objective is to generate revenue. A nonprofit organization, on the other hand, is an organization established with the main objective of helping the society in general rather than for commercial purposes. In addition, a nonprofit organization is excused from paying levies as opposed to a for-profit organization where all services and commodities
Tuesday, January 28, 2020
The Goal A Process of Ongoing Improvement Essay Example for Free
The Goal A Process of Ongoing Improvement Essay The two authors are finalising the first comprehensive bibliography on the Theory of Constraints (TOC)[23] which is to be published by North River Press, the publishers of several works on TOC, most notably Eli Goldrattââ¬â¢s seminal works [l l-171, such as The Goal, Itââ¬â¢s Not Luck, and Critical Chain. Based on our extensive search of the literature, this talk will draw on examples of applications of TOC, and summae important findings on the theory and practice of TOC. Although initially a manufacturing method, TOC has now developed into a theory about management: a powerful systemic problem structuring and problem solving methodology which can be used to develop solutions with both intuitive power and analytical rigour. TOC is increasingly being applied to situations outside the manufacturing context, including distribution, marketing, project management, accounting in fact, any situation involving change to a system. 1 Introduction The main motivation for the research reported in this paper was the realisation that TOC is growing very rapidly, and we simply did not know what was ââ¬Å"out thereâ⬠; ie what had already been tackled. Hence our mission two years ago was to conduct a literature search to identify recent works (mostly post 1990). This search has culminated in an annotated bibliography, which is to be published shortly by North River Press [23]. Alongside this literature research grew a Masters thesis, pulling all this material together, both the theory and the practice. [2] This paper will first briefly outline the background to TOC, and then report on the practice-related material from the survey of published applications and the findings. Readers wishing to gain the benefit of a fuller treatment of this material for a review of the entire TOC field are referred to [2]; while those wishing to obtain a copy of the bibliography are referred to [23]. In its brief 20-year history, TOC has developed rapidly in terms of both methodology (see for example [6], [S]) and area of applications (see for example, [ 191, 271). In the late 1970ââ¬â¢s, the founder of the Theory of Constraints (TOC), Eliyahu Goldratt, Israeli physicist turned business guru, developed a revolutionary method for production scheduling [lo] which was inà stark contrast to accepted methods available at the time, such as MRP. Central to the TOC philosophy was that any organisation (or system) has a constraint (or small number of constraints) which dominate the entire system. The secret to success lies with managing these constraints, and the system as it interacts with these constraints, to get the best out of the whole system. The Drum-Buffer-Rope schedulingsystem, together with the general principles espoused in The Goal, were elements of TOC that became part of successful manufacturing management. Even so, some companies failed in their attempts to adopt OPT, the software package based on Goldrattââ¬â¢s method [lo]. Such failure was usually diagnosed as an inability or unwillingness by the organisation to discard old traditions, and embrace the new philosophy and the new measures that were concomitant with successful adoption. The most common measures that need to be reviewed are accounting measures, as TOC promotes the use of global system-wide measures, rather than local measures. The motivation for this is that if a system as a whole is to achieve its goal, it is best for the systemââ¬â¢s individual parts to work as a team in ââ¬Å"syncâ⬠rather than at their own individual speeds. Given that the major constraint to improvement was the resistance to changing these measures, it is not surprising therefore that this is the direction that TOC followed, to tackle this biggest constraint to adoption behaviours. Thus the TOC Thinking Processes were born: a suite of tools that allows people to learn and use the thinking processes that enable them to develop their own solutions to complex problems. This suite of tools enables analysis of a situation, using the rigour of cause and effect thinking following strict logic rules, combined with the intuition and knowledge of the persons owning, or intimately involved with, the problem. The TPââ¬â¢s enable more complex problems (ââ¬Å"messesâ⬠) to be tackled, and have much in common with other soft systems approaches such as SSM and SODA/cognitive mapping. In our opinion, these thinking processes now offer much to OIUMS practitioners (as well as the more traditional users from the Operations Management field). 2 The Survey The literature search has uncovered over 310 items on TOC, including 32 books. The majority of these were developing/discussing the methodology from a theoretical viewpoint. Many claims were made regarding the benefits of TOC. These included increased throughputs, reduced inventories and lead-times, which in turn would lead to higher sales, and improved profits, quality, and customer satisfaction. However we felt it would also be useful to collect together and analyse the actual reported data on the benefits of TOC, to verify or disprove these claims. The literature search identified over one hundred case studies or vignettes that contained information on the results of applications of TOC. Not all cases or vignettes provided quantitative data on the results of applying TOC. In total, we were able to collect quantitative data on the application of TOC to seventy-seven different companies. The types of organisations covered by these cases varied from giant multi-national corporations and industry leaders like Boeing and GM, to military organisations lie the US Aii Force, to small town bakeries. The vast majority of TOC applications were in the manufacturing sector. Within this sector, there are significant clusters of applications in the aerospace, apparel, automotive, electronics, furniture, semiconductor, steel and heavy engineering industries. Most of these focused on the manufacturing operations of each organisation. However, there were several instances of application to administrative functions. Analysis of the frequency of article and book publications per year shows a considerable growth of publications in recent years. This is partially due to the formation of the Constraints Management Special Interest Group within the influential APICS. This year, we have seen a dramatic increase in the number of books published on TOC, withnine new books hitting the shelves, including [6], [21], [26]. This takes the total number of books on TOC to 32, since the release of The Goal [ 151 in 1984. TOC is a complex methodology requiring skill and cooperation to implement. This may be why there have been few ââ¬Å"completeâ⬠applications of the methodology reported in the literature. Most applications involve components of the overall philosophy, predominantly the operations management technique, DBR, and the constraint oriented continuousà improvement technique, the Five Focusing Steps. This is significant as many of the results of applications, summarised below, are the result of only the partial power of TOC. The case survey methodology [20] used for data collection has limitations, the main one being the lack of consistency in the reporting conventions. Authors used a range of different frames and methods for reporting results. Thus, there were limitations to the types of data that were usable. However, sample size of 78 applications provided sufficient data for robust conclusions for most variables, the only exception being changes in profitability; the small sample size for this is thought to be due to commercial sensitivity. However, this deficiency is made up by a reasonable sample of organisations reporting changes in revenue resulting from the application. In total, a sample of twenty-five -data points were gathered for changes in financial performance. Inherent within the case survey methodology is the potential for bias on the part of the authors themselves, and academic journal editors. However the latter bias may be mitigated in part, as articles relating to TOC were published in some 83 different journals and magazines. The great majority of applications reported in the literature were conducted in North America. A number of European applications were reported, with only a few cases emerging from the UK and Australasia. 2.1 Data Analysis This research exercise is believed to be the first published examination of the actual performance of the Theory of Constraintsââ¬â¢. The table in Appendix 1 gives a selection of the results2. We were initially concerned that there were so many apparent gaps in the data, as it could be argued that these omissions indicate that these factors were not improved, or that only a few factors in each case improved, perhaps even to the detriment of other factors. However, on reflection we recognised there are many valid reasons for such omissions. Firstly, several of the measures used are essentially measuring the sameà effect: eg Lead-time, Cycle Time and Due Date performance all measure the companyââ¬â¢s ability to respond speedily to customer orders. Thus one would not expect authors to report all measures. Secondly, many companies do not wish to report factors such as financial results, for competitive reasons. Thirdly, many companies adopt TOC with a particular focus, such as to improve due date performance and may fail to give much attention to effects outside this focus. Furthermore, it is often difficult to collect hard data: people do not always take measurements before they make changes: they may not envisage how effective this approach will be often they have tried other methods before, and the results have not been noteworthy, so why should this method be any different? Sometimes the results are simply too hard to calculate: eg to calculate the Inventory figures using Goldrattââ¬â¢s definition (see [6], [ 161 or [27]) is problematic if the companyââ¬â¢s accounts are prepared using normal cost ââ¬â¢ To our knowledge, the only other published survey of applications to date is that by Noreen, Smith and Mackey [27], which reported in depth on 25 organisations that were using TOC. ââ¬â¢ The complete table runs to some 7 pages, so is not included here due to the page limit.accounting conventions (GAPP), as experience with Expozay showed [22]. Or they may have changed the way they measure Inventory as part of the change to TOC, and hence any reported figures would be misleading. Another reason might be that people would prefer not to know how bad things really are at the start. Finally, when taken in context of the articles themselves, it is apparent that the authors considered TOC to be a success. For all these reasons, the gaps in the data are not considered to be unreasonable. The data available was analysed using Exploratory Data Analysis methods. 2.2 Findings of the analysis The results of the analysis of reported changes in operational and financial performance, resulting from the application of TOC, are summarised below: Lead-Times: Mean Reduction 69 % A mean reduction in lead-time of 69% emerged from the sample of thirty-twoà observations, all of which reported reductions. Over three quarters of the sample experienced reductions in lead-time greater than 50% Cycle-Times: Mean Reduction 66% In every case where changes in cycle-time were reported, the reports showed a decrease, or improvement in cycle-time. Fourteen observations made up the sample for change in cycle-times. Due-Date-Performance: Mean Improvement 60% Improving due-date-performance is synonymous with meeting delivery promises to customers. A mean improvement of 60% emerged from the sample. Twelve observations made up the sample for change in due-date-performance. Several organisations experienced improvements of over 100%. Inventory Levels: Mean Reduction 50% Reducing inventory is associated with reducing lead-times in a DBR system. A mean inventory reduction of 50% resulted from the sample of 28 observations. Lead-Time and Inventory Reduction: Correlation 0.77 Goldratt and Fox (1986) claim that when DBR is applied to a manufacturing system, the reduction in lead-time is strongly correlated with the reduction of inventory level. This research verifies the claims of Goldratt and Fox, as shown by a 0.77 Spearrnanââ¬â¢s Rank Correlation. This analysis was conducted on a sample of thirteen observations where organisations provided data on changes to both lead-times and inventory levels. Revenue / Throughput: Mean Increase 68% (outlier exclusive) This variable represents the amount of money coming into the organisation. All reports represented increases in revenue or throughput. The impressive mean increase of 68% excludes one outlier, a 600% increase at Lucent Technologies achieved within one year. Five organisations, from the sample of eighteen, reported increases in revenues in excess of lOO%, within one financial year.Combined Financial Variable: Mean Increase 82 % A sample of twenty-five observations for the combine revenue / throughput / profit variable revealed a mean increase of 82%, excluding the 600% increase at Lucent Technologies. 2.3 Conclusions from this analysis: l In the survey of over 100 cases, no failures or disappointing results were reported. l Some substantial improvements in operational variables as well as financial variables were reported. On average, inventories were reduced by 50%, production times (measured by lead-times, cycle times or due date performance) improved by over 60%, and financial measures improved by over 80%. In addition, inventory reductions were accompanied by lead-time reductions a feat not matched by JIF. l The vast majority of cases reported only partial applications of TOC. We are left to wonder whether improvements would have been even greater had more of the methodology been applied. l The entire survey revealed over 300 articles and books on TOC, of which only a handful contained negative comments, and none of these related to actual applications of the methodology.à While there were several papers reporting computer simulations comparing TOC with other scheduling methods, typically MRP and JIT, none showed TOC to be inferior to other methods; most showed a significant advantage on most measures. l TOC evokes some emotive responses, which is not surprising given that TOC challenges some fundamental notions. l The technical solution to dramatically improving financial and operational performance, is comparatively simple to identify (especially in hindsight4) l The major difficulty is overcoming the behavioural tendency of resistance to change. l TP applications commonly find that underlying core problems are erroneous or deficient measurements, policies and/or trainingââ¬â¢. Often these are found to be outdated, and no longer consistent with the companyââ¬â¢s goal. l Not surprisingly, our enquiries and experience have identified a great number of other applications that have not been published: in many instances the results will never be published, because the focus is on internal change management for competitive advantage.
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